Synergistic Flame Retardant Properties of Polyoxymethylene with Surface Modified Intumescent Flame Retardant and Calcium Carbonate

Yang, Zheng; Lu, Shike; Wang, Zhenhua; Li, Jiantong; Liu, Baoying; Fang, Xiaomin; Ding, Tao; Xu, Yuanqing

doi:10.3390/polym15030537

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(45 reference statements)

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“…It can be seen from Table 13 that the total smoke release of NPOM is significantly higher than that of RPOM under the same thermal radiation intensity. It can be seen from Table 14 that there is almost no difference in the time to reach the peak smoke release rate between the two samples, thus it is presumed that the flame retardant can only improve the smoke release parameters of POM and has little effect on the combustion performance parameters, which is consistent with the above inference [36].…”

Section: Combustion Performance Analysissupporting

confidence: 76%

Analysis of Thermal Degradation Kinetics of POM under Inert and Oxidizing Atmospheres and Combustion Characteristics with Flame Retardant Effects

Zhang

Zhou

2023

Polymers

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Degradation behavior of combustible fuel is the core factor in determining combustion characteristics. To investigate the effect of ambient atmosphere on the pyrolysis process of polyoxymethylene (POM), the pyrolysis mechanism of POM was studied with thermogravimetric analyzer tests and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy tests. The activation energy, reaction model, and estimated lifetime of POM pyrolysis under different kinds of ambient gases have been estimated in this paper based on different results of the kinetics. The activation energy values, obtained with different methods, were 151.0–156.6 kJ mol−1 in nitrogen and 80.9–127.3 kJ mol−1 in air. Then, based on the Criado analysis, the pyrolysis reaction models of POM in nitrogen were found to be mastered by the “n + m = 2; n = 1.5” model, and by the “A3” model in air. The optimum processing temperature for POM was estimated, with a range from 250 to 300 °C in nitrogen and from 200 to 250 °C in air. IR analysis revealed that the significant difference in POM decomposition between N2 and O2 atmospheres is the formation of isocyanate group or carbon dioxide. Combustion parameters of two POMs (with and without flame retardants) obtained using cone calorimetry revealed that flame retardants can effectively improve the ignition time, smoke release rate, and other parameters of POM. The outcomes of this study will contribute to the design, storage, and transportation of polyoxymethylene.

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Section: Combustion Performance Analysissupporting

confidence: 76%

Analysis of Thermal Degradation Kinetics of POM under Inert and Oxidizing Atmospheres and Combustion Characteristics with Flame Retardant Effects

Zhang

Zhou

2023

Polymers

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“…It further confirms that DPOBH is a highly effective flame retardant for DGEBA. Taking account of the attractive flame-retardant effects of DPO derivatives 15,30,35 and benzoxazine derivatives, 36,37 the effect of DPOBH could be associated with the special chemical structure containing DPO group and oxazine ring.…”

Section: Flame Retardancy Of Epmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphorus‐containing benzoxazine modified epoxy resin: High flame retardancy, low dielectric, and low water absorption

Liu,

et al. 2023

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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A phosphorous‐containing benzoxazine, (3‐(4‐hydroxyphenyl)‐3,4‐dihydro‐2H‐benzo[e][1,3]oxazin‐4‐yl)diphenylphosphine oxide (DPOBH), was synthesized and used as flame retardant and co‐curing agent in the presence of 4,4′‐diaminodiphenylsulfone (DDS) for diglycidyl ether of bisphenol‐A (DGEBA) epoxy resin. The flame retardancy, thermal stability, Tg, dielectric properties, and water absorption properties of epoxy resins (EP) were investigated and compared. The incorporation of DPOBH results in ca. 40%–45% increase of limiting oxygen index (LOI) values. UL‐94 V‐0 rating could be achieved for EP/DPOBH1.2 sample with the LOI value of 35.1%. Compared with EP, ca. 47% decrease of peak heat release rate (PHRR) could be obtained for EP/DPOBH1.2. According to the results of cone calorimetry tests (CCT), DPOBH could play roles in both gas and condensed phases. Moreover, the incorporation of DPOBH could reduce the water absorption rate, dielectric constant, and dielectric loss. All results suggest that DPOBH is a type of flame retardant suitable for EP used in electronic fields.

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“…The main characteristic absorption peaks of APP are located at 3177 cm −1 (N-H stretching vibration), 1435 cm −1 (N-H bending vibration), 1251 cm −1 (P=O stretching vibration), 1072 cm −1 (P-O symmetric stretching vibration), and 877 cm −1 (P-O antisymmetric stretching vibration) [19,41]. The titanate coupling agent NDZ-201 exhibits an antisymmetric vibration peak of C-H near 2934 cm −1 [42], and a characteristic absorption peak of Ti-O at 1015 cm −1 [43]. When APP was treated with NDZ-201 surface treatment, MAPP showed an antisymmetric vibration absorption peak of C-H at 3059 cm −1 , showing a blue shift, which may be related to the inductive effect [43].…”

Section: Fourier Transform Infrared Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Flame Retardancy of Styrene-Acrylic Emulsion Based Damping Composites Based on an APP/EG Flame-Retardant System

et al. 2023

Materials

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Developing flame-retarded styrene-acrylic emulsion (SAE) based damping composites is a challenging task because of their very high flammability. A promising approach is the synergistic combination of expandable graphite (EG) and ammonium polyphosphate (APP). In this study, the surface modification of APP was modified by commercial titanate coupling agent ndz-201 through ball milling, and the SAE-based composite material was prepared with SAE and different ratios of modified ammonium polyphosphate (MAPP) and EG. The surface of MAPP was successfully chemically modified by NDZ-201 through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), Energy Dispersion Spectroscopy (EDS), and contact angle. The effects of different ratios of MAPP and EG on the dynamic and static mechanical properties and flame retardancy of composite materials were explored. The results showed that when MAPP:EG = 1:4, the limiting oxygen index (LOI) of the composite material was 52.5%, and the vertical burning test (UL-94) was at the V0 level. Its LOI increased by 141.9% compared to the composite materials without flame retardant. The optimized formulation of MAPP and EG in SAE-based damping composite materials showed a significant synergistic effect on the flame retardancy of the composite material.

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Synergistic Flame Retardant Properties of Polyoxymethylene with Surface Modified Intumescent Flame Retardant and Calcium Carbonate

Cited by 6 publications

References 45 publications

Analysis of Thermal Degradation Kinetics of POM under Inert and Oxidizing Atmospheres and Combustion Characteristics with Flame Retardant Effects

Analysis of Thermal Degradation Kinetics of POM under Inert and Oxidizing Atmospheres and Combustion Characteristics with Flame Retardant Effects

Phosphorus‐containing benzoxazine modified epoxy resin: High flame retardancy, low dielectric, and low water absorption

Enhanced Flame Retardancy of Styrene-Acrylic Emulsion Based Damping Composites Based on an APP/EG Flame-Retardant System

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