Synergistic Flame Retardant Effect between Ionic Liquid-Functionalized Imogolite Nanotubes and Ammonium Polyphosphate in Unsaturated Polyester Resin

Zhu, Taohua; Guo, Guozheng; Li, Wanhong; Gao, Ming

doi:10.1021/acsomega.2c02803

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…It can be seen that there is a predominance of synthetic polymers as preferred polymer matrices over natural polymers. The usage of synthetic polymers is evident through examples like bismaleimide resin [15], epoxy resin [2,8,[16][17][18][19], high-density polyethylene [20], polyamide-6 [13], poly(methyl methacrylate) [21], polyurethane [6,9,11,22,23], poly(vinyl alcohol) [24,25], and unsaturated polyester resin [26,27]. These polymers, prized for their versatility and tailored properties, seem to dominate composite fabrication.…”

Section: Polymer Matrices Of Polymer Hybrid Composites With Added Ion...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods and Mechanical Properties of Polymer Hybrid Composites and Hybrid Polymer Composites: Influence of Ionic Liquid Addition

Shamsuri,

Md. Jamil,

Yusoff

et al. 2023

Applied Mechanics

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Polymer hybrid composites and hybrid polymer composites are distinct but interconnected composite classes, each with unique compositions and design philosophies. The mechanical properties of these composites are vital in advanced materials due to their impacts on performance, durability, and suitability for various applications. The addition of ionic liquids into these composites is a promising innovation in advanced materials. In this short review, various polymer matrices (e.g., thermosets, thermoplastics, and biopolymers), fillers (e.g., inorganic, carbon, organic, and metal), and ionic liquids (e.g., imidazolium- and phosphonium-based) used to fabricate polymer hybrid composites and hybrid polymer composites with added ionic liquids are identified. Furthermore, the addition of ionic liquids into these composites through different methods (e.g., magnetic stirring, mechanical stirring, solid grinding, etc.) is discussed. The influence of ionic liquid addition on the mechanical properties, specifically the tensile properties of these composites, is also shortly reviewed. The changes in the tensile properties, such as the tensile strength, tensile modulus, and elongation at break, of these composites are explained as well. The information presented in this review enhances the understanding of the methods applied to add ionic liquids into polymer hybrid composites and hybrid polymer composites, along with their tensile properties. In short, some ionic liquids have the capacity to enhance the tensile properties of hybrid polymer composites, and several ionic liquids can reduce the tensile properties of polymer hybrid composites.

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Section: Polymer Matrices Of Polymer Hybrid Composites With Added Ion...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods and Mechanical Properties of Polymer Hybrid Composites and Hybrid Polymer Composites: Influence of Ionic Liquid Addition

Shamsuri,

Md. Jamil,

Yusoff

et al. 2023

Applied Mechanics

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“…Moreover, the obtained product of INTs-PF 6 -ILs was well dispersed, spider-web-like, and composed of individual fibers according to the results of transmission electron microscope. Furthermore, the dispersion was indeed greatly improved after modification with [BMIM]PF 6 [ 20 ]. In addition, as a synergistic flame retardant, INTs-PF 6 -ILs have achieved good flame retardancy with APP in unsaturated polyester resin (UPR).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With the same loading of flame retardant, the UPR/APP/INTs-PF 6 -ILs composites can pass UL-94 V-0 rating and the LOI value was improved to 28.0. Moreover, the maximum mass loss rate, heat release rate, and total heat release were significantly reduced from the CCT results for the introduction of 0.4 wt% INTs-PF 6 -ILs [ 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic Flame Retardant Effect between Ionic Liquid Functionalized Imogolite Nanotubes and Ammonium Polyphosphate in Epoxy Resin

et al. 2023

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Ionic liquid functionalized imogolite nanotubes (INTs-PF6-ILs) were introduced into the epoxy resin (EP)/ammonium polyphosphate (APP) system to investigate the flame retardant performance and thermal properties using the limiting oxygen index (LOI) test, the UL-94 test, and the cone calorimeter test (CCT). The results suggested that a synergistic effect exists between INTs-PF6-ILs and APP on the char formation and anti-dripping behavior of EP composites. For the EP/APP, an UL-94 V-1 rating was obtained for the loading of 4 wt% APP. However, the composites containing 3.7 wt% APP and 0.3 wt% INTs-PF6-ILs could pass the UL-94 V-0 rating without dripping behavior. In addition, compared with the EP/APP composite, the fire performance index (FPI) value and fire spread index (FSI) value of EP/APP/INTs-PF6-ILs composites were remarkably reduced by 11.4% and 21.1%, respectively. Moreover, the char formed by EP/APP composites was intumescent, but of poor quality. In contrast, the char for EP/APP/INTs-PF6-ILs was strong and compact. Therefore, it can resist the erosion due to heat and gas formation and protect the inside of the matrix. This was the main reason for the good flame retardant property of EP/APP/INTs-PF6-ILs composites.

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“…The results showed that the ILs improve their dispersion in the polymer and significantly increased the flame retardancy of the composites. 26,27 In this investigation, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole hexafluorophosphate ([BMIM]PF 6 ) was grafted onto MXene to prepare a synergistic agent with good dispersibility, which was added to the UPR combination with APP to achieve excellent flame retardancy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previously, we have successfully chemically grafted ILs onto graphene oxide (GO) and imogolite nanotubes (INTs). The results showed that the ILs improve their dispersion in the polymer and significantly increased the flame retardancy of the composites 26,27 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionic liquids modified MXene as a flame retardant synergist for the unsaturated polyester resin

Gao,

Wang,

Gao

et al. 2023

Vinyl Additive Technology

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I‐MXene with excellent dispersibility was successfully prepared using the chemical grafting method with 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazole hexafluorophosphate ([BMIM]PF6) onto MXene. It was characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), which was added to unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) as a synergistic agent, combined with ammonium polyphosphate (APP) to improve the flame retardancy of composites. Tensile strength of the composites was measured using the electronic universal material testing machine. The results showed that the incorporation of I‐MXene was able to increase the tensile strength and elongation at break of the composites. The flame retardancy and thermal stability of the composites were investigated through limiting oxygen index (LOI), cone calorimeter test (CCT), TG and Fourier‐infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR). The experimental data showed that the LOI values of I‐MXene/APP/UPR composites increased to 29.1%, complying with UL‐94V‐0 rating. Its peak heat release rate (pHRR) and total heat release (THR) were 19.35% and 16.35% lower than those of APP/UPR composites, and the total smoke production (TSP) was reduced by 10.78%. When heated to 800°C, the amount of residual carbon increased by 7.71%. The catalytic effect of I‐MXene contributed to the formation of a compact and expanded carbon layer, resulting in further suppression of heat and smoke release.Highlights A new type of modified MXene is obtained. It has good dispersivity and synergistic effects. It has good flame retardancy and smoke suppression effects.

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Synergistic Flame Retardant Effect between Ionic Liquid-Functionalized Imogolite Nanotubes and Ammonium Polyphosphate in Unsaturated Polyester Resin

Cited by 8 publications

References 33 publications

Methods and Mechanical Properties of Polymer Hybrid Composites and Hybrid Polymer Composites: Influence of Ionic Liquid Addition

Methods and Mechanical Properties of Polymer Hybrid Composites and Hybrid Polymer Composites: Influence of Ionic Liquid Addition

Synergistic Flame Retardant Effect between Ionic Liquid Functionalized Imogolite Nanotubes and Ammonium Polyphosphate in Epoxy Resin

Ionic liquids modified MXene as a flame retardant synergist for the unsaturated polyester resin

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