Synergistic effects of pathogen and pesticide exposure on honey bee (Apis mellifera) survival and immunity

Grassl, Julia; Holt, Shannon; Cremen, Naomi; Peso, Marianne; Hahne, Dorothee; Baer, Boris

doi:10.1016/j.jip.2018.10.005

Cited by 69 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 112 publications

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“…Scientific evidence has pointed toward some factors that alone or in combination strongly contribute to this environmental damage, which causes negative economic impacts (Pettis and Delaplane 2010; Sánchez‐Bayo and Wyckhuys 2019). Excessive and often inappropriate use of pesticides in crops has been considered a key stressor for increasing bee mortality, especially insecticides (Chauzat et al 2006; Brittain and Potts 2011; Sánchez‐Bayo and Goka 2014; Grassl et al 2018). However, other types of pesticides can also harm bee health and compromise the development of bee colonies, such as herbicides (Balbuena et al 2015; Faita et al 2018) and fungicides (Mussen et al 2004; Fisher et al 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitochondrial Respiratory Inhibition Promoted by Pyraclostrobin in Fungi is Also Observed in Honey Bees

Nicodemo

Mingatto

Jong

et al. 2020

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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There is no use restriction associated with bees for many fungicides used in agriculture; however, this does not always mean that these pesticides are harmless for these nontarget organisms. We investigated whether the fungicide pyraclostrobin, which acts on fungal mitochondria, also negatively affects honey bee mitochondrial bioenergetics. Honey bees were collected from 5 hives and anesthetized at 4°C. The thoraces were separated, and mitochondria were isolated by grinding, filtering, and differential centrifugation. An aliquot of 0.5 mg of mitochondrial proteins was added to 0.5 mL of a standard reaction medium with 4 mM succinate (complex II substrate) plus 50 nM rotenone (complex I inhibitor), and mitochondrial respiration was measured at 30°C using a Clark-type oxygen electrode. Mitochondrial membrane potential was determined spectrofluorimetrically using safranin O as a probe, and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis was determined by chemiluminescence. Pyraclostrobin at 0 to 50 μM was tested on the mitochondrial preparations, with 3 repetitions. Pyraclostrobin inhibited mitochondrial respiration in a dose-dependent manner at concentrations of 10 μM and above, demonstrating typical inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation. Pyraclostrobin also promoted a decline in the mitochondrial membrane potential at doses of 5 μM and above and in ATP synthesis at 15 μM and above. We conclude that pyraclostrobin interferes with honey bee mitochondrial function, which is especially critical for the energy-demanding flight activity of foraging bees. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:1267-1272. © 2020 SETAC

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitochondrial Respiratory Inhibition Promoted by Pyraclostrobin in Fungi is Also Observed in Honey Bees

Nicodemo

Mingatto

Jong

et al. 2020

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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“…The influence these factors have can be cumulative or even synergistic. For example, it has been shown that pesticide use can perturb the expression of essential immunocompetence genes, increasing the probability of microbial infections (20). Perhaps the best example for mutual synergistic factors detrimental for bee health confine parasitic and viral infections.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hymenoptera associated eukaryotic virome lacks host specificity

Deboutte

Beller

Yinda

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Recent advancements in sequencing technologies and metagenomic studies have increased the knowledge of the virosphere associated with honey bees tremendously. In this study, viral-like particle enrichment and deep sequencing was deployed to detect viral communities in managed Belgian honey bees. A substantial number of previously undescribed divergent virus genomes was detected, including a rhabdovirus and a recombinant virus possessing a divergent Lake Sinai Virus capsid and a Hepe-like polymerase. Furthermore, screening > 5,000 public sequencing datasets for the retrieved set of viral genomes revealed an additional plethora of undetected, divergent viruses present in a wide range of Hymenoptera species. The unexpected high number of shared viral genomes within the Apidae family and across different families within the order Hymenoptera suggests that many of these viruses are highly promiscuous, that virus sharing within and between Hymenoptera families occurs frequently, and that the concept of species-specific viral taxa inside the Hymenoptera should be revisited. In particular, this estimation implies that sharing of several viral species, thought to be specific for bees, across other eukaryotic taxa is rampant. This study provides important insights on the host taxonomical breadth of some of the known “bee viruses” and might have important implications on strategies to combat viruses that are relevant to pollinators.

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“…Recent research provided empirical evidence that combinations of sublethal ecological stressors can result in additive or synergistic effects that drive declines in pollinator health 7,13–15 . However, a detailed understanding of how individual environmental stressors impact pollinating insects solely or in combination still remains poorly understood 16 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consequences of a short time exposure to a sublethal dose of Flupyradifurone (Sivanto) pesticide early in life on survival and immunity in the honeybee (Apis mellifera)

Naggar

Baer

2019

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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Dramatic losses of pollinating insects have become of global concern, as they threaten not only key ecosystem services but also human food production. Recent research provided evidence that interactions between ecological stressors are drivers of declining pollinator health and responsible for observed population collapses. We used the honeybee Apis mellifera and conducted a series of experiments to test for long-term effects of a single short exposure to the agricultural pesticide flupyradifurone to a second environmental stressor later in life. To do this, we exposed individuals during their larval development or early adulthood to sublethal dosages of flupyradifurone (0.025 μg for larvae and 0.645 μg for imagos), either pure or as part of an agricultural formulation (Sivanto). We afterwards exposed bees to a second ecological stressor infecting individuals with 10,000 spores of the fungal gut parasite Nosema ceranae. We found that pesticide exposures significantly reduced survival of bees and altered the expression of several immune and detoxification genes. The ability of bees to respond to these latter effects differed significantly between colonies, offering opportunities to breed bees with elevated levels of pesticide tolerance in the future. We conclude that short episodes of sublethal pesticide exposures during development are sufficient to trigger effects later in life and could therefore contribute to the widespread declines in bee health.

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Synergistic effects of pathogen and pesticide exposure on honey bee (Apis mellifera) survival and immunity

Cited by 69 publications

References 112 publications

Mitochondrial Respiratory Inhibition Promoted by Pyraclostrobin in Fungi is Also Observed in Honey Bees

Mitochondrial Respiratory Inhibition Promoted by Pyraclostrobin in Fungi is Also Observed in Honey Bees

Hymenoptera associated eukaryotic virome lacks host specificity

Consequences of a short time exposure to a sublethal dose of Flupyradifurone (Sivanto) pesticide early in life on survival and immunity in the honeybee (Apis mellifera)

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