Coal ash flowability determines whether the coal ash
slag can be
successfully discharged from entrained flow gasifiers, to a large
extent. Traditional single CaO fluxing cannot perform well enough
to meet the requirement of slagging gasifiers for the flowability
of coal ash with extremely high SiO2 and Al2O3. Thus, this work reviewed the effect of Ca-bearing
binary (CaO-Fe2O3, CaO-Na2O, and
CaO-MgO) fluxing on ash flowability. The effect of CaO-Fe2O3 binary fluxing on ash flowability has been systemically
investigated, while studies concerning CaO-Na2O and CaO/MgO
on coal ash flowability were limited. CaO-Fe2O3 binary fluxing performs well in adjusting the AFTs and viscosity
behavior. The CaO/Fe2O3 fluxing mass ratio of
1/1 was recommended within the compromise of AFTs and viscosity at
operating temperature. CaO-Na2O also displayed good performance
to decrease AFTs, but strong volatilization of Na species brings difficulty
to quantify the influence of CaO-Na2O compositional fluxing.
CaO-MgO compositional fluxing showed a synergistic effect at controlling
both AFTs and viscosity, while the addition of CaO-MgO fluxing easily
led to a crystallization slag pattern. Besides, the value of CaO/MgO
corresponding to the best fluxing performance and fluidity performance
was unrevealed, as well as CaO/Na2O. The exploration of
CaO-Na2O and CaO/MgO in the industry needs further testimony
in coal ash with bad flowability. In a comprehensive comparison, CaO/Fe2O3 binary fluxing is the most promising compositional
flux in adjusting the coal ash flowability. The review can give guiding
information for selecting high-efficiency fluxing compositional fluxing.