Synergistic effect of trans-zeatin and silymarin on mitigation of cadmium stress in chili pepper through modulating the activity of antioxidant enzymes and gene expressions

Rady, Mostafa M.; Alshallash, Khalid S.; Desoky, El-Sayed M.; Taie, Hanan A.A.; Mohamed, Ibrahim A. A.; El-Badri, Ali Mahmoud; Howladar, Saad M.; Abdelkhalik, Abdelsattar

doi:10.1016/j.jarmap.2023.100498

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…As a result of various industrial and agricultural activities, the environment, including farmland, has been polluted by heavy metals (HMs), which can reach the plant through air, water, or soil, negatively affecting plant growth, yield, and crop quality. When HMs are present, root and shoot growth decrease, or photosynthesis stops, weakening respiration, thus negatively affecting vegetative and generative organs of plants [1,18]. The presence of HMs in more than the permissible value in plant tissues disrupts multiple metabolic events, such as transpiration, water and nutrient uptake, membrane stability, enzyme activity, stomatal movements, photosynthesis, protein synthesis, and disturbances of hormonal homeostasis [1,10,18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When HMs are present, root and shoot growth decrease, or photosynthesis stops, weakening respiration, thus negatively affecting vegetative and generative organs of plants [1,18]. The presence of HMs in more than the permissible value in plant tissues disrupts multiple metabolic events, such as transpiration, water and nutrient uptake, membrane stability, enzyme activity, stomatal movements, photosynthesis, protein synthesis, and disturbances of hormonal homeostasis [1,10,18]. As a result, plants develop and adopt their own self-defense systems as specific mechanisms and strategies to defend themselves against stress.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bio-stimulators (BSs) have been used effectively for stressed plants to promote osmoregulation and antioxidant defense systems, nutritional efficiency, productivity, and crop quality characteristics due to the improvement in the plant tolerance to stress [18][19][20][21][22][23][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. As a novel strategy for HM-stressed squash plants, this report used a combined treatment incorporating garlic extract (GE) mixed with onion extract (OE) at a 1:1 (v/v) ratio (GOE), all with a diluted bee honey solution (BH), as natural inexpensive, and eco-friendly materials.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Top Star), wheat (cv. Misr 2), and chili pepper [10,[16][17][18]. Bio-stimulants (BSs) increase the efficiency of nutrient use in plants, provide tolerance against abiotic stress conditions, improve product quality, and contribute to the effective use of nutrients found in limited amounts in the soil and root zone by plants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploring the Role of Novel Biostimulators in Suppressing Oxidative Stress and Reinforcing the Antioxidant Defense Systems in Cucurbita pepo Plants Exposed to Cadmium and Lead Toxicity

et al. 2023

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The use of bio-stimulants (BSs) has become an important policy in managing many stressed crop plants through the regulation of the balance of phytohormones, osmo-protectors (OPs), antioxidant systems, and gene expression, all of which reflect plant growth and productivity. Garlic + onion extract (GOE) at a concentration of 2.0–3.0% and diluted bee honey solution (BHs) at a concentration of 1.0–1.5% were applied exogenously to squash (Cucurbita pepo) plants subjected to cadmium (Cd) + lead (Pb) stress (0.3 mM CdCl2 + 0.3 mM PbCl2). The objective was to determine the effects of these treatments on growth characteristics, organic metabolites/biomolecules, and mineral nutrients. Cd + Pb stress significantly increased electrolyte leakage (EL, 103%) and malondialdehyde (MDA, 90%) because of an increase in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2, 145%) and superoxide (O2•−, 152%) levels, and contents of abscisic acid (ABA, 164%), Cd (674–711%), and Pb (754–805%). Consequently, marked increases in the contents of OPs and non-enzymatic antioxidants (28–133%), activities of antioxidant enzymes (48–80%), and expressions of enzyme genes (60–84%) were observed. The administration of Cd + Pb treatment reduced plant growth and development parameters (25–59%), yield components (61–86%), photosynthetic components (27–67%), leaf proportional water content (26%), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA, 44%), gibberellic acid (GA3, 56%), and cyto-kinin (CKs, 49%) contents. Nonetheless, the administration of GOE, BHs, and GOE + BHs attenuated the adverse impacts of Cd + Pb stress. The best treatment was GOE + BHs which significantly decreased EL (52%) and MDA (49%) because of a reduction of O2•– (61%), H2O2 (60%), ABA (63%), Cd (89–91%), and Pb (89–91%) levels. This positive outcome was linked to an increase in the OPs’ (22–46%) and non-enzymatic antioxidant (27–46%) levels, activities of enzymes (26–44%), and enzyme gene expressions (35–40%), all of which contributed to the promoted relative water content (RWC, 37%), pigment contents (47–194%), hormonal levels (82–132%), growth traits (31–149%), yield components (154–626%), and fruit quality traits (31–92%). From these results, it can be concluded that treatment of GOE + BHs is recommended as a foliar application to reduce the adverse effects of Cd + Pb stress treatment in squash.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Exploring the Role of Novel Biostimulators in Suppressing Oxidative Stress and Reinforcing the Antioxidant Defense Systems in Cucurbita pepo Plants Exposed to Cadmium and Lead Toxicity

et al. 2023

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Exploiting the role of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in reducing heavy metal toxicity of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)

El-Saadony,

Desoky,

El-Tarabily

et al. 2024

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Differential responses of chili varieties grown under cadmium stress

Sana,

Ramzan,

Ejaz

et al. 2024

BMC Plant Biol

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Heavy metal cadmium (Cd) naturally occurs in soil and is a hazardous trace contaminant for humans, animals, and plants. The main sources of Cd pollution in soil include overuse of phosphatic fertilizers, manure, sewage sludge, and aerial deposition. That’s why an experiment was conducted to analyze the effect of Cd toxicity in Capsicum annuum L. by selecting its seven varieties: Hybrid, Desi, Sathra, G-916, BR-763, BG-912, and F1-9226. Cadmium was spiked in soil with four levels, i.e., (0, 3, 4, and 5 mg Cd kg− 1 of soil) for a week for homogeneous dispersion of heavy metal. Chili seeds were sown in compost-filled loamy soil, and 25-day-old seedlings were transplanted into Cd-spiked soil. Cadmium increasing concentration in soil decreased chili growth characteristics, total soluble sugars, total proteins, and amino acids. On the other hand, the activities of antioxidant enzymes were increased with the increasing concentration of Cd in almost all the varieties. Treatment 5 mg Cd/kg application caused − 197.39%, -138.78%, -60.77%, -17.84%, -16.34%, -11.82% and − 10.37% decrease of carotenoids level in chili V2 (Desi) followed by V4 (G-916), V1 (Hy7brid), V7 (F1-9226), V6 (BG-912), V5 (BR-763) and V3 (Sathra) as compared to their controls. The maximum flavonoids among varieties were in V5 (BR-763), followed by V6 (BG-912), V7 (F1-9226), V3 (Sathra) and V1 (Hybrid). Flavonoids content was decreased with − 37.63% (Sathra), -34.78% (Hybrid), -33.85% (G-916), -31.96% (F1-9226), -31.44% (Desi), -30.58% (BR-763), -22.88% (BG-912) as compared to their control at 5 mg Cd/kg soil stress. The maximum decrease in POD, SOD, and CAT was − 31.81%, -25.98%, -16.39% in chili variety V7 (F1-9226) at 5 mg Cd/kg stress compared to its control. At the same time, maximum APX content decrease was − 82.91%, followed by -80.16%, -65.19%, -40.31%, -30.14%, -10.34% and − 6.45% in V4 (G-916), V2 (Desi), V3 (Sathra), V6 (BG-912), V1 (Hybrid), V7 (F1-9226) and V5 (BR-763) at 5 mg Cd/kg treatment as compared to control chili plants. The highest CAT was found in 5 chili varieties except Desi and G-916. Desi and G-916 varieties. V5 (BR-763) and V6 (BG-912) were susceptible, while V1 (Hybrid), V3 (Sathra), and V7 (F1-9226) were with intermediate growth attributes against Cd stress. Our results suggest that Desi and G-916 chili varieties are Cd tolerant and can be grown on a large scale to mitigate Cd stress naturally.

show abstract

Synergistic effect of trans-zeatin and silymarin on mitigation of cadmium stress in chili pepper through modulating the activity of antioxidant enzymes and gene expressions

Cited by 3 publications

References 67 publications

Exploring the Role of Novel Biostimulators in Suppressing Oxidative Stress and Reinforcing the Antioxidant Defense Systems in Cucurbita pepo Plants Exposed to Cadmium and Lead Toxicity

Exploring the Role of Novel Biostimulators in Suppressing Oxidative Stress and Reinforcing the Antioxidant Defense Systems in Cucurbita pepo Plants Exposed to Cadmium and Lead Toxicity

Exploiting the role of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in reducing heavy metal toxicity of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)

Differential responses of chili varieties grown under cadmium stress

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