Synergistic effect of the sequential intercalation of three types of surfactants in the exfoliation degree of bentonite clay in films of cassava

Effect of Clay Nanofillers on the Mechanical and Water Vapor Permeability Properties of Xylan–Alginate Films

“…Light transmittance decreases with an increase in the size of particles within the polymer matrix; therefore, the agglomeration of particles leads to lower light transmittance [ 14 , 52 ]. In contrast, Monteiro et al observed that the incorporation of bentonite into starch films reduced the light transmittance of the films, which was ascribed to an agglomeration of bentonite [ 56 ]. In the UV region (380–200 nm), the light transmittance decreases upon the addition of 1 wt % of bentonite, but then increases upon further addition of bentonite.…”

Influence of the ionic and nonionic surfactants mixture in the structure and properties of the modified bentonite clay

“…OBent-III was characterized as the best applicability clay as reinforcement material among those studied, due to: the greater basal spacing between the layers of silicate that was 13 nm, 10 nm more than that observed by Bent-Ca; the greater exfoliation of the silicate layers; the greater tendency of the material to stabilize uniformly in either a medium with negative charges by dipole-dipole bonds or hydrogen bonds, or in a medium with positive charges by induced dipole bonds; to be the only clay which showed satisfactory degree of swelling in both the polar solvent and a nonpolar solvent; and higher thermal stability. One of the possible applications of the proposed material can be seen in Monteiro et al [27].…”

Development and Characterization of Semi-Refined Iota Carrageenan/SiO2-ZnO Bionanocomposite Film with the Addition of Cassava Starch for Application on Minced Chicken Meat Packaging

“…Furthermore, the substitution of CS increased film smoothness due to the amorphous structure of CS. Formation of the amorphous structure improves intermolecular forces and inhibits the mobility of the biopolymer chain and then generates an organized film structure [42]. Figure 2b shows AFM images that depict the film's smoothness with the substitution of CS, as the SEM result, represented by the lower value of the mean roughness (Ra and Rq).…”