Synergistic effect of supported nickel catalyst with intumescent flame‐retardants on flame retardancy and thermal stability of polypropylene

Song, Rak‐Hyun; Zhang, Baoyan; Huang, Baotong; Tang, Tao

doi:10.1002/app.25178

Cited by 56 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…In my present work, the residue in the TG was evident that ILDHs efficiently promoted the formation of charred layers with phosphocarbonaceous structures; i.e., the synergistic effect between LDHs and AAPP is observed. It is similar with the results of the literature [29].…”

Section: Thermal Propertiessupporting

confidence: 93%

Ammonium alcohol polyvinyl phosphate intercalated LDHs/epoxy nanocomposites

Dong

Zhu

Dai

et al. 2015

J Therm Anal Calorim

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To improve the flame retardancy and mechanical properties of epoxy (EP), a novel intercalated layered double hydroxides (ILDHs) were synthesized by a solution intercalation method using ammonium alcohol polyvinyl phosphate as intercalator. The ILDHs were examined by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), energy-dispersive spectrometry and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The conditions for synthesis of ILDHs have been optimized. Thermogravimetric analysis indicated a good char-forming property of ILDHs. The flame retardancy of epoxy was improved by adding ILDHs. The EP composites containing 30-40 mass% ILDHs passed UL-94V-0 rating. Tensile strength was also enhanced by adding 30-40 mass% ILDHs, which was attributed to the involvement of physical cross-linking network among layered particles and polymer chains. The morphology and structures of residues generated during LOI test were investigated by SEM and FTIR to support a fundamental analysis for the mechanism of char formation. SEM observations of residues of the ILDHs/EP confirmed the formation of an incompact charred layer during combustion, which could inhibit the transmission of heat and mass during combustion. It may be inferred that ILDHs acted as a catalyst for esterification, dehydration and compact char formation of EP system.

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Section: Thermal Propertiessupporting

confidence: 93%

Ammonium alcohol polyvinyl phosphate intercalated LDHs/epoxy nanocomposites

Dong

Zhu

Dai

et al. 2015

J Therm Anal Calorim

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“…In particular, the damage to human life becomes serious because PP always produces CO during combustion [9][10][11][12]. To reduce flammability and release of CO, the addition of flame retardants is an effective way [13][14][15][16][17]. Moreover, it is well known, to improve the strength and poor toughness of PP, the reinforcing and toughening agents are necessary additives [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Stability, Combustion Behavior, and Mechanical Property in a Flame-Retardant Polypropylene System

2017

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Abstract:In order to comprehensively improve the strength, toughness, flame retardancy, smoke suppression, and thermal stability of polypropylene (PP), layered double hydroxide (LDH) Ni 0.2 Mg 2.8 Al-LDH was synthesized by a coprecipitation method coupled with the microwave-hydrothermal treatment. The X-ray diffraction (XRD), morphology, mechanical, thermal, and fire properties for PP composites containing 1 wt %-20 wt % Ni 0.2 Mg 2.8 Al-LDH were investigated. The cone calorimeter tests confirm that the peak heat release rate (pk-HRR) of PP-20%LDH was decreased to 500 kW/m 2 from the 1057 kW/m 2 of PP. The pk-HRR, average mass loss rate (AMLR) and effective heat of combustion (EHC) analysis indicates that the condensed phase fire retardant mechanism of Ni 0.2 Mg 2.8 Al-LDH in the composites. The production rate and mean release yield of CO for composites gradually decrease as Ni 0.2 Mg 2.8 Al-LDH increases in the PP matrix. Thermal analysis indicates that the decomposition temperature for PP-5%LDH and PP-10%LDH is 34 • C higher than that of the pure PP. The mechanical tests reveal that the tensile strength of PP-1%LDH is 7.9 MPa higher than that of the pure PP. Furthermore, the elongation at break of PP-10%LDH is 361% higher than PP. In this work, the synthetic LDH Ni 0.2 Mg 2.8 Al-LDH can be used as a flame retardant, smoke suppressant, thermal stabilizer, reinforcing, and toughening agent of PP products.

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“…By the sequence of esterification, carbonization, expansion and solidification, the intumescent char generated from the IFR will cover the underlying material to protect it from the heat or flame and slow the mass transfer [1] and [2]. Over the past decade, inorganic nanofillers (montmorillonite clay [3] and [4], carbon nanotubes, [5] zirconium phosphate [6]), metallic oxides [7], [8], [9] and [10] (MoO3, Fe2O3, TiO2, La2O3) and catalysts [11] have been added to the IFR to improve its flame retardant efficiency and thermal stability. As expected, the synergistic or catalytic effect induced by the addition will modify the chemical and/or physical behavior of the char and impart superior flame retardancy to polymeric materials, compared to those containing IFR alone.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on intumescent flame retarded polystyrene composites with improved flame retardancy

Wilkie

2010

Polymer Degradation and Stability

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Abstract:The flame retardancy and thermal stability of ammonium polyphosphate/tripentaerythritol (APP/TPE) intumescent flame retarded polystyrene composites (PS/IFR) combined with organically-modified layered inorganic materials (montmorillonite clay and zirconium phosphate), nanofiber (multiwall carbon nanotubs), nanoparticle (Fe2O3) and nickel catalyst were evaluated by cone calorimetry, microscale combustion calorimetry (MCC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Cone calorimetry revealed that a small substitution of IFR by most of these fillers (≤2%) imparted substantial improvement in flammability performance. The montmorillonite clay exhibited the highest efficiency in reducing the peak heat release rate of PS/IFR composite, while zirconium phosphate modified with C21H26NClO3S exhibited a negative effect. The yield and thermal stability of the char obtained from TGA correlated well with the reduction in the peak heat release rate in the cone calorimeter. Since intumesence is a condensed-NOT THE PUBLISHED VERSION; this is the author's final, peer-reviewed manuscript. The published version may be accessed by following the link in the citation at the bottom of the page.

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Synergistic effect of supported nickel catalyst with intumescent flame‐retardants on flame retardancy and thermal stability of polypropylene

Cited by 56 publications

References 11 publications

Ammonium alcohol polyvinyl phosphate intercalated LDHs/epoxy nanocomposites

Ammonium alcohol polyvinyl phosphate intercalated LDHs/epoxy nanocomposites

Thermal Stability, Combustion Behavior, and Mechanical Property in a Flame-Retardant Polypropylene System

Study on intumescent flame retarded polystyrene composites with improved flame retardancy

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