Synergistic effect of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth and rhBMP-2 delivered by injectable nanofibrous microspheres with different surface modifications on vascularized bone regeneration

Bioinspired porous microspheres for sustained hypoxic exosomes release and vascularized bone regeneration

“…As the bone regeneration progressed, however, the brown color to show the PCNA activity turned weaker in PMS-PDA + H-Exo group at 8 weeks post-operation. Effective bone regeneration highly relies on sufficient vascularization, which plays a pivotal role in cell recruitment, nutrient and oxygen supply, and metabolism of waste [ 27 , 55 ]. Although angiogenesis occurs almost throughout the bone defect healing process, inducing angiogenesis at the early stage appears to be optimal [ 14 ].…”

“…Surface adsorption via affinity coatings as another GFs delivery strategy [ 26 , 27 ], avoiding the lyophilization step, might be a more friendly way for transporting delicate exosomes. For such strategy, a bioinspired polydopamine (PDA) coating has been developed for rapid and stable exosome loading on poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffolds [ 28 , 29 ].…”

Injectable GelMA Cryogel Microspheres for Modularized Cell Delivery and Potential Vascularized Bone Regeneration

“…In order to assess the vitality and function of grafted cells as well as the biological properties of biomaterials, ectopic subcutaneous injections were performed using two types of cells (hBMSCs and HUVECs), CMS-30 microcarriers, two types of single cell-loaded CMS-30 (hBMSCs/CMS-30 and HUVECs/CMS-30) and modularized dual-cells delivery system (hBMSCs/HUVECs/CMS-30) ( Figure 7A). [26] As shown in Figure 7Ba,b,d,h, the groups involving directly injecting cells into the subcutaneous tissues (hBMSCs and HUVECs groups) exhibited no new bone and less blood vessel formation by reason of low cell retention. For the material-only group (Figure 7B c), the injected CMS-30 resulted in the formation of tissues with orderly arrangement and dense fiber-like structures without an obvious inflammatory response, confirming the excellent biocompatibility of GelMA.…”

Vascularized pulp regeneration via injecting simvastatin functionalized GelMA cryogel microspheres loaded with stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth

“…Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs) were a gift from the Oral Stem Cell Bank (China, Beijing). These cells were characterized by this public institution and stored in liquid nitrogen vapor for long-term cryopreservation [ 32 ]. Briefly, SHEDs were thawed and incubated in α-MEM (Gibco, USA) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS, Gibco, USA) and 1% penicillin-streptomycin (100 U/ml and 100 ​μg/mL, Invitrogen, UK) in an atmosphere containing 5% CO 2 at 37 ​°C.…”