Synergistic effect of nanotopography and bioactive ions on peri-implant bone response

Abstract

Both bioactive ion chemistry and nanoscale surface modifications are beneficial for enhanced osseointegration of endosseous implants. In this study, a facile synthesis approach to the incorporation of bioactive Ca 2+ ions into the interlayers of nanoporous structures (Ca-nano) formed on a Ti6Al4V alloy surface was developed by sequential chemical and heat treatments. Samples with a machined surface and an Na + ion-incorporated nanoporous surface (Na-nano) fabricated by concentrated alkali and heat treatment were used in parallel for comparison. The bone response was investigated by microcomputed tomography assessment, sequential fluorescent labeling analysis, and histological and histomorphometric evaluation after 8 weeks of implantation in rat femurs. No significant differences were found in the nanotopography, surface roughness, or crystalline properties of the Ca-nano and Na-nano surfaces. Bone–implant contact was better in the Ca-nano and Na-nano implants than in the machined implant. The Ca-nano implant was superior to the Na-nano implant in terms of enhancing the volume of new bone formation. The bone formation activity consistently increased for the Ca-nano implant but ceased for the Na-nano implant in the late healing stage. These results suggest that Ca-nano implants have promising potential for application in dentistry and orthopedics.

In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of Titanium Surface Modification for Biological Aging by Electrolytic Reducing Ionic Water

“…It is considered that the implant surface properties affect behaviors of cells and proteins necessary to acquire osseointegration, and biological aging of titanium has been clarified to decrease protein adsorption and cell adhesion to the Ti surface [1,4,13]. On this basis, surface modification, such as photofunctionalization, is performed and the implant surface made hydrophobic by biological aging is cleaned and returned to hydrophilic [5].…”

“…The titanium implant surface is hydrophilic and having polarity immediately after processing and adhesion protein can bind to it directly or via Ca 2+ [3,13], but polarity is lost as carbohydrates in the air adhere to the titanium surface and the contact angle increases to 60 • or greater, with which the surface becomes hydrophobic and protein adsorption decreases. When photofunctionalization was applied to the surface, the contact angle decreased to below 5 • , being superhydrophilic [3].…”

Composite Calcium Phosphate/Titania Scaffolds in Bone Tissue Engineering

“…After this first-stage extensive implant, colonization should take place, driven by a diffuse porosity enabling cell penetration and new bone formation into the inner part of the implant. In this respect, the implant nanotopography can influence the attachment and function of bone cells by modulating key signaling effects essential for their survival [11]. Graphical overview of the effect of surface microstructure on the interaction between a metallic prosthesis and bone tissue: (a) osseointegration, the surface features are able to induce bone formation, leading to long-lasting interaction without side effects; (b) short-loss implant, the surface is now detrimental for bone tissue regeneration, leading to dead bone cells.…”

Evaluation of the Osteointegration of a Novel Alkali-Treated Implant System <i>In Vivo</i>

“…The experimental animals were randomly divided into two groups, with 10 rats in each group. The experimental method is based on the previous experience of our research group 14) . Animals were given inhalation anesthesia, followed by intraperitoneal injection of anesthetics (1.5 ml/kg).…”