“…The BE value offset of Ni 6 Fe 1 Mo 1 -LDH/NF was the largest in the series catalysts. In the Fe 2p spectrum, two spin–orbital peaks at 712.07 and 725.5 eV are related to Fe 2p 3/2 and Fe 2p 1/2 , respectively, indicating the presence of Fe 3+ . , Moreover, the BE values of the Ni x Fe 1 Mo 1 -LDH/NF ( x = 4, 6, 8, 10) catalysts at Fe 2p 3/2 are 712.12, 712.45, 712.24, and 712.18 eV, respectively, which are 0.05, 0.38, 0.17, and 0.11 eV higher than that of Ni 2 Fe 1 -LDH/NF (712.07 eV), respectively. The Fe 2p 3/2 BE values of the series catalysts have a positive shift compared with Ni 2 Fe 1 -LDH/NF, demonstrating that Mo doping can reduce the electron density of Fe 3+ species.…”