“…Given their unique geometry, anodic TiO 2 nanotubes show extraordinary chemical, electrical, photocatalytic, and optical properties that make them considered for a variety of applications, for example, dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), , photocatalysis, , photoelectrochemistry, , gas sensors, batteries, biomaterials, and more. Considering the limitations of its effective use in visible light, the engineering of new hybrid materials based on coupling with co-catalyst, doping, defects engineering, and sensitization , (with other semiconductors, polymers, , or dyes) is still broadly exploited. Sensitization of TiO 2 with dyes is often used for creating solar cell systems.…”