Synergistic effect of a combination of nicarbazin and monensin against coccidiosis in the chicken caused by <i>Eimeria</i> spp.

Vereecken, Monita; Dehaeck, Ben; Berge, Anna Catharina; Marien, M.; Geerinckx, M; Gussem, K. De

doi:10.1080/03079457.2020.1756226

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Одним з підходів до розширення спектру дії та підвищення ефективності антикокцидійних препаратів є впровадження в практику комбінацій іонофорів та синтетичних сполук (Chapman, 1980;Long at al., 1988;Vereecken at al., 2020). Існує багато підтверджень ефективності поєднання синтетичного препарату нікарбазину з іонофорами наразином (Long at al., 1988) і монензином (Vereecken at al., 2020).…”

Section: Efficiency Of Feed Additive Nikamax® For Natural Infection O...unclassified

Efficiency of Feed Additive Nikamax® for Natural Infection of Broiler Chickens With Eimeria Spp.

Ostapіuk,

Stetsko,

Perig

2023

SCIVP

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The article presents the results of the study of the effectiveness of the combined feed additive NIKAMAX® (powder for oral use), produced by JSC Biopharm (Ukraine), the active pharmaceutical ingredients of which are the polyester ionophore antibiotic maduramycin and the synthetic compound nicarbazine, in the treatment of coccidiosis in broilers naturally infected with coccidia genus Eimeria (E. tenella, E. maxima and E. acervulina). The main criteria for demonstrating the effectiveness of the feed additive NIKAMAX® were: the number of Eimeria oocysts in feces; assessment of intestinal damage; poultry mortality and morbidity associated with coccidiosis. Additional indicators of the effectiveness of the feed supplement were: average live weight; average daily increase in live weight of poultry; average daily feed consumption, the ratio of the amount of feed consumed to growth; data of bird health monitoring during the experiment. The results of the study showed that the feed additive NIKAMAX® when added to feed at a dose of 0.5 g per 1 kg of feed, or 3.75 mg of maduramycin ammonium and 40 g of nicarbazin per 1 kg of feed, causes a decrease in the degree of infestation of broilers with coccidiosis, reduces damage of the intestine of a sick poultry, reduces its mortality and morbidity associated with coccidiosis. The combination of nicarbazine and maduramycin, what are the active ingredients of the feed additive NIKAMAX®, contributed to an increase in the growth of broiler chickens and a decrease in the feed conversion ratio in the group of birds to which the additive was added to the compound feed, compared to the infected birds to which it was not administered. A general assessment of the main and additional efficiency indicators obtained in the study of natural infection of broiler chickens with Eimeria spp. shows that the feed additive NIKAMAX® is an effective coccidiostatic means of prevention and treatment of eimeriosis in broiler chickens.

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Section: Efficiency Of Feed Additive Nikamax® For Natural Infection O...unclassified

Efficiency of Feed Additive Nikamax® for Natural Infection of Broiler Chickens With Eimeria Spp.

Ostapіuk,

Stetsko,

Perig

2023

SCIVP

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“…The most recent combinations introduced are those with nicarbazin and the ionophores maduramicin, monensin, narasin, and semduramicin (Gromax, Monimax, Maxiban, Aviax Plus, respectively) ( Callender and Jeffers, 1980 ; Vereecken et al, 2020 ). The concentrations employed in the components are well below those that would show efficacy when given alone and therefore it was concluded that their action is synergistic.…”

Section: Anticoccidial Drugs Used In Combinationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interestingly, the synergism demonstrated was significant regardless of the sensitivity of the parasites to the two drugs. In a recent study, the effect of Monimax was compared with the component drugs used separately ( Vereecken et al, 2020 ). Monensin and nicarbazin, normally included in the feed at 100 and 125 ppm respectively, showed only partial efficacy at 40 ppm evaluated by weight gain and no efficacy evaluated by feed conversion.…”

Section: Anticoccidial Drugs Used In Combinationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been shown that ionophores do not prevent the acquisition of immunity ( Chapman et al, 2010 ) and Jeffers (1989) believes that immunity may account for the effectiveness of ionophores in the field. The presence of low-level lesions in birds given Monimax indicates that some parasite recycling is occurring in the presence of the combination ( Vereecken et al, 2020 ). Similarly, in a study of the drug-sensitivity of field isolates of E. tenella , the development of lesions was not prevented by Maxiban ( Chapman, 1989 ).…”

Section: Rationales For Using Drug Combinationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Focused review: The role of drug combinations for the control of coccidiosis in commercially reared chickens

Chapman

Rathinam

2022

International Journal for Parasitology: Drugs and Drug Resistan

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“…Nicarbazin, a common anticoccidial drug, has been widely used as a feed additive in broiler breeding because of its high broad-spectrum efficiency, non-toxicity, minimal immunosuppressive effects, and low number of resistant strains (13)(14)(15). As a drug treatment, generally given alone, it has been reported that the therapeutic effect of nicarbazine combined with salinomycin is better (16). As an equimolar complex of 4,4'-dinitrocarbanilide (DNC) and 2-hydroxy-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine (HDP), nicarbazin is an oxidative phosphorylation uncoupler that interferes with mitochondrial metabolism (see Figure 1) (17).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and identification of an anti-nicarbazin monoclonal antibody and its application in the agriculture and food industries

et al. 2022

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Background: As a broad-spectrum drug against chicken coccidiosis, nicarbazine is widely used. The international community has made regulations and requirements on the residue limits of nicarbazine metabolites in chicken. The research reports on the detection methods of nicarbazine residues are mainly based on large-scale instruments such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) and so on. However, in the practical monitoring and detection application, the rapid, sensitive, efficient and accurate detection of nicarbazine residues is becoming more and more urgent.Methods: This study aimed to establish an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)-based method to detect nicarbazin drug residues with high sensitivity and specificity, and wide applicability. Artificial immunogens were prepared by molecular modification synthesis. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and ultraviolet analyses were conducted to confirm that the correct product was obtained. Monoclonal antibodies were acquired by immunizing mice and preparing hybridoma cells.Results: In this study, 4,4'-dinitrocarbanilide (DNC), a metabolite of nicarbazine, was synthesized and modified to make it have immunogenicity. Fifteen healthy female mice of 6-8 weeks old were immunized in three groups. The successfully immunized mice were screened by serum titer. One mouse with the highest titer was fused and cloned three times, and four positive cell lines were obtained. Nine monoclonal antibodies were obtained from mouse ascites. The best matched antigens and antibodies were screened by an ELISA chessboard method. A detection method of nicarbazine ELISA kit was developed. Our prepared anti-nicarbazin monoclonal antibody had a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ) of 0.825 ng/mL, and the curve range was 0.3-24.3 ng/mL. There was no cross reaction to other six common anti-coccidiosis drugs. The recovery results showed that the fortified recovery of the chicken and duck samples ranged from 74.4-111.7%, the test results of which all met the requirements for veterinary drug residue detection.Conclusions: This method, which uses a specific antibody against the nicarbazin metabolic product DNC, enables rapid quantitative detection. Our new ELISA-based method should facilitate the development of assays to monitor and detect agricultural and veterinary drug residues.

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Synergistic effect of a combination of nicarbazin and monensin against coccidiosis in the chicken caused by Eimeria spp.

Cited by 6 publications

References 24 publications

Efficiency of Feed Additive Nikamax® for Natural Infection of Broiler Chickens With Eimeria Spp.

Efficiency of Feed Additive Nikamax® for Natural Infection of Broiler Chickens With Eimeria Spp.

Focused review: The role of drug combinations for the control of coccidiosis in commercially reared chickens

Preparation and identification of an anti-nicarbazin monoclonal antibody and its application in the agriculture and food industries

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