Synergistic effect between different clays and plasticizer on the properties of PHBV nanocomposites

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the plasticizer triethyl citrate (TEC) combined with two different clays [unmodified bentonite (Bent) and halloysite (Hal)] on the morphology, crystallization behavior, and mechanical properties of poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV). The compositions were prepared with 3 wt% clay and 10 wt% TEC by melt processing. The addition of TEC resulted in a plasticized effect with 15 C lower glass transition temperature compared with the neat PHBV. An increase in the mechanical performance was achieved when clay and plasticizer were combined, and this improvement was dependent on the degree of dispersion of the nanoparticles in the polymer matrix. For the combination of Hal and TEC, which most affected the crystallization process of PHBV, the impact strength was improved by 135% without a significant loss in the elastic modulus of the material. The synergistic effect between the plasticizer and clay was responsible for these improvements, making this a viable alternative for extending the use of this polymer in various industrial applications. POLYM. COMPOS., 40:3835-3843, 2019.POLYMER COMPOSITES-2019 FIG. 2. (a) Crystallization (cooling scan) and (b) melting (heating scan) curves of PHBV compounds (temperature error: AE1.0 C).

Multifunctional montmorillonite/polyhydroxy butyrate composites using surfactant structure modulation strategy for packaging applications

“…Additionally, the additional fillers alter the matrix's surface morphology and cause the composite film's surface to become rougher, which raises the film's contact angle. 16,23,47 This matches the outcomes of the earlier tests that were conducted on oxygen and water permeability. 15,[48][49][50] The sample mobility, expressed in milligrams/contact surface area (mg/dm 2 ), is displayed in the Table 1 along with the total migration values obtained for the laminated films.…”

“…Dong 16 increased the tensile strength of MMT/PHBH modified with a silane coupling agent to 20 MPa, and the elastic modulus of PHB‐TPS blends increased by 25% upon the addition of OMMT 13 . The synergistic effect between plasticizer and clay resulted in a 135% increase in the impact strength of the composite with no significant loss of modulus of elasticity 23 . The water vapor permeability of samples containing 3 wt% clay prepared by Akin 21 decreased by 25%.Vande 5 obtained typical intercalated nanostructures using octadecyl bis (2‐hydroxyethyl)methylammonium‐modified montmorillonite/PHBHHX, with gas permeability falling by approximately 40% at filler ratios of 5–10 wt%.…”

“…13 The synergistic effect between plasticizer and clay resulted in a 135% increase in the impact strength of the composite with no significant loss of modulus of elasticity. 23 The water vapor permeability of samples containing 3 wt% clay prepared by Akin 21 decreased by 25%.Vande 5 obtained typical intercalated nanostructures using octadecyl bis (2-hydroxyethyl) methylammonium-modified montmorillonite/PHBHHX, with gas permeability falling by approximately 40% at filler ratios of 5-10 wt%. Moreover, After investigating the impact of montmorillonite modification on composite deterioration both before and after the modification at 58 C, Puglia 24 concluded that the filler modification did not affect the composites' degradation cycle or ultimate degradation rate.…”

Selective localization of organophilic clay Cloisite 30B in biodegradable poly(lactic acid)/poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate) blends

“…In all cases, the distribution and affinity of nanoparticles with the system components has a crucial role in the final properties of the materials. [3][4][5][6] Especially for polymer blends, the ability of the nanoparticle to interact with different matrices and acting in their compatibility is one of the main advantages of its use. 3,5 However, in order to obtain an ideal effect, controlling the location of particles into the mixture is extremely important.…”

“…The addition of fillers is carried out both in simple systems containing only a polymeric phase and in more complex mixtures, as in the case of blends. In all cases, the distribution and affinity of nanoparticles with the system components has a crucial role in the final properties of the materials 3–6 …”