Synergistic Combination of Crystallization and Addition of a Toughening Agent to Promote Recycled Poly(ethylene terephthalate) Performances

Rahem, Zahir; Douibi, Abdelmalek; Lallam, Abdelaziz; Delaite, Christelle; Guessoum, Melia

doi:10.1134/s0965545x19050158

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 38 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This dispersion will also strongly depend on the processing conditions and will affect the mechanical properties, which are also important aspects to be considered for the use of impact modifiers. 15,16,159,161,163,164 The most used reactive toughener is Lotader, a terpolymer whose structure is presented in Figure 36. The ethylene-acrylic ester segments provide elastomeric properties while the glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) enables grafting with the PET matrix.…”

Section: ■ Pet Reinforcement Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the theory of Rohn, if the elastic modulus is greater than the viscous one, it is possible to conclude that the particles are finely distributed in the matrix. This dispersion will also strongly depend on the processing conditions and will affect the mechanical properties, which are also important aspects to be considered for the use of impact modifiers. ,,,,, …”

Section: Pet Reinforcement Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As little as 1 wt % of this toughener can increase the fracture strain by more than a factor of 10 times and lead to a far superior impact strength. 165 Rahem et al 163 studied the influence of 20% by volume of SEBS-g-MA in a PET annealed at 150 °C under vacuum for 5 h. Due to the reaction of PET's hydroxyl end groups with the maleic anhydride groups, the tensile resistance and impact strength were increased 3-fold, reaching 30 KJ/m 2 . These improved properties were also perceptible for recycled resins but were better for annealed rPET, especially because increasing the crystallinity reduced the hydrolysis.…”

Section: ■ Pet Reinforcement Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, the blend morphology cannot always be perfectly controlled, with a very specific interparticle distance and particle size, making it harder to toughen PET materials. 139,161,163,164 Nonreactive impact modifiers have the advantage of not having dangerous monomers and being dispersed only by a physical process such as compounding. Plus, they offer a wellcontrolled blend morphology due to the emulsion copolymerization process used for their fabrication.…”

Section: ■ Pet Reinforcement Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The need of formulation with high concentrations of additive, around 20 wt % in some cases, can also cause a coalescence of droplets, even with compatibilization functions. Finally, the blend morphology cannot always be perfectly controlled, with a very specific interparticle distance and particle size, making it harder to toughen PET materials. ,,, …”

Section: Pet Reinforcement Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

A Review on the Formulation and Rupture Properties of Polyethylene Terephthalate in a Mechanical Recycling Context

Marques,

Couffin,

Hajji

et al. 2024

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The environmental stress caused by climate change has provided an impetus to the search for greener solutions. A striking example of this is plastic pollution. One of the main difficulties in finding alternatives is maintaining an ecological balance along with economic viability. Other than reducing the consumption of plastics, recycling is one useful approach. In this context, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is in the spotlight. This saturated polyester with unique properties is one of the most used plastics, and its use is increasing year by year. Plus, it is the most recycled polymer in the world. Among different recycling methods used today, the well-established equipment for mechanical recycling is the most efficient process and has a lower carbon footprint. However, despite the effort spent on recycling PET and the extensive number of published papers on this matter, many challenges still restrain its industrial development. One of the reasons for this is a lack of understanding of the structural modifications caused by processing and the effect on the properties of the final product. This Review presents an overview of PET's intrinsic properties, before and after mechanical recycling. By focusing on the mechanical process, the different degradation mechanisms and their effects are described. Widely used reinforcement techniques are explained along with their possible drawbacks. A better view of what is yet to be understood might guide new solutions for PET's processing and reuse.

show abstract

Section: ■ Pet Reinforcement Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pet Reinforcement Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Pet Reinforcement Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Pet Reinforcement Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pet Reinforcement Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

A Review on the Formulation and Rupture Properties of Polyethylene Terephthalate in a Mechanical Recycling Context

Marques,

Couffin,

Hajji

et al. 2024

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Development of an Engineering Material with Increased Impact Strength and Heat Resistance from Recycled PET

2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The goal of the research was the concurrent enhancement of the impact strength and the heat resistance of recycled poly(ethylene terephthalate) (RPET). The morphology and the dynamic mechanical properties were examined at 0-5-10-15% ethylene-butyl-acrylate-glycidyl methacrylate (PTW) elastomer contents. The blends were crystallized for different time periods (0-20-40-60-180 s) at 150 °C and the morphology change during crystallization and its effect on impact resistance, stiffness, and thermal resistance were examined taking the three-phase model: crystalline fraction/mobile amorphous fraction/rigid amorphous fraction (CRF/MAF/RAF) into consideration. Based on DSC analyses it is proposed that before crystallization, the polymer chains covalently linked to PTW molecules contribute to the rigid amorphous phase (RAF). During thermal annealing, the relaxation of segments (which increases mobility) and ordering into crystals (which decreases mobility) have a complex effect and their resultant determines the ratio of the three phases and thereby also the macroscopic properties of the blends. After annealing the 15% PTW containing RPET blend at 150 °C for 180 s, a fivefold increase in notched impact resistance and a 50-fold increase in thermal resistance (expressed as E90’ value) were achieved compared to the neat RPET reference.

show abstract

Structural, thermo-mechanical and morphological properties of composites made with poly(lactic acid) and poly(ethylene terephthalate) fibers without compatibilizer

Mayouf

Guessoum

Rahem

et al. 2022

Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this study, physical and electrostatic interactions existing between poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fiber were proved as a promising strategy for preparing novel lightweight PLA/PET fiber composites, without the need of adding compatibilizer or carrying out chemical/physical treatments to the fiber. The impact resistance of the PLA/PET fiber composites increased notably by adding up to 1.5 phr PET fibers thanks to the better dispersion of PET fibers and good polymer-fiber adhesion caused by the creation of hydrogen bonds between the surface hydroxyl and carbonyl groups on both polymers. However, the composites with 2-3 phr PET fibers were brittle due to PET fibers aggregation. The glass transition temperature of PLA increased moderately due to the good matrix/filler interfacial adhesion via hydrogen bond interactions, and its crystallinity showed a trivial variation contrary to the crystallites size, this decreased noticeably because of the fibers inhibiting effect. Finally, an increased thermal stability of the PLA/PET fiber composites was demonstrated.

show abstract

Synergistic Combination of Crystallization and Addition of a Toughening Agent to Promote Recycled Poly(ethylene terephthalate) Performances

Cited by 4 publications

References 38 publications

A Review on the Formulation and Rupture Properties of Polyethylene Terephthalate in a Mechanical Recycling Context

A Review on the Formulation and Rupture Properties of Polyethylene Terephthalate in a Mechanical Recycling Context

Development of an Engineering Material with Increased Impact Strength and Heat Resistance from Recycled PET

Structural, thermo-mechanical and morphological properties of composites made with poly(lactic acid) and poly(ethylene terephthalate) fibers without compatibilizer

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About