Synergistic Antioxidative Potential of Cosmosiin and Vanillic Acid in vitro and ex vivo

Abstract

Objectives:To determine the synergistic antioxidative potential of cosmosiin and vanillic acid. Methods: The synergistic antioxidative potential of cosmosiin and vanillic acid was evaluated using their ability to scavenge 2, 2 ′azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), superoxide anions (O 2• − ), and 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). The ability to convert Fe 3+into Fe 2+ was used to evaluate the combined reducing power of cosmosiin and vanillic acid. The synergistic effect of cosmosiin and vanillic acid was also tested in an ex vivo setting using mouse erythrocytes and livers, respectively, for their anti-haemolytic activity and inhibitory effects on lipid peroxidation. Findings: When compared to the individual compound, the mixture of cosmosiin and vanillic acid exhibited higher scavenging activities for DPPH, ABTS and O 2 • − with IC 50 of 112.0 ± 0.46 µM, 126.17 ± 4.97 µM, and 5.14 ± 0.18 µM, respectively. Consistently, the combination of cosmosiin and vanillic acid possessed higher reducing power than either compound alone. A mixture of cosmosiin and vanillic acid also showed higher inhibitory activities against mice erythrocyte hemolysis and lipid peroxidation in the liver homogenate with an inhibition rate of 51 % and 90% respectively. Novelty: Our study corroborates that cosmosiin and vanillic acid have stronger antioxidative effects when used in combination than when used individually.