Synergistic acceleration in the osteogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells by graphene oxide–calcium phosphate nanocomposites

Abstract

Nanocomposites consisting of oblong ultrathin plate shaped calcium phosphate nanoparticles and graphene oxide microflakes were synthesized and have demonstrated markedly synergistic effect in accelerating stem cell differentiation to osteoblasts.

Synergistic effects of reduced graphene oxide and hydroxyapatite on osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts

“…These results show good consistency with those of ARS and von Kossa staining, other markers for late osteogenic differentiation. These results are supported by recent evidence showing that rGO/ calcium silicate and GO/calcium phosphate composites have a synergistic effect in accelerating the osteogenesis of osteoblasts and MSCs by significantly increasing calcium deposition [67,68], underscoring the need for such hybrid composites for bone tissue engineering. Moreover, it has been revealed that gelatinfunctionalized GO can be efficiently used for the biomimetic mineralization of HAp, leading to promote the osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells [61].…”

Graphene‐Based Materials in Regenerative Medicine

“…Similarly, poly(L-lactide) (PLLA) nanofi brous scaffolds containing carbon nanomaterials, such as CNT and graphene were fabricated by Duan et al [ 136 ] In a recent study, Tatavarty et al synthesized nanocomposites consisting of oblong ultrathin plate shaped calcium phosphate (CaP) nanoparticles and GO microfl akes. [ 137 ] The GO-CaP nanocomposites signifi cantly facilitated the osteogenesis of hMSCs and further enhanced calcium deposition. Knowledge on the effects of graphene is limited and studies on the contribution of graphene to bone tissue regeneration are still quite new until now.…”

Nanoengineered biomaterials for repair and regeneration of orthopedic tissue interfaces

“…(Figure 9a). Some of the new categories of nanomaterials that have shown promise in the area of orthopedic tissue engineering include use of graphene oxides, [43,44] synthetic silicates, [37,41] and titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ). [45] Due to the exponential growth in nanomaterial development in recent years, it is expected to provide a wider selection of nanomaterials with custom physical, chemical, and biological characteristics that can be tailored for various biomedical and biotechnological applications.…”

“…[42] Graphene has induced osteogenic differentiation in stem cells, [43] and its derivative graphene oxide has also exhibited a similar ability. [44] For soft orthopedic tissues such as cartilage, tendons, and ligaments, only a few types of nanomaterials have been investigated. For cartilage tissue, titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) nanosheets were explored.…”