Synergic effect of some heterocyclic bidentate amines on the extraction of zinc with 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone

Adduct Formation Constants in the Synergistic Solvent Extraction of Several Lanthanoids with Two Chelating Extractants: β-Diketone and Bidentate Nitrogen Bases

“…The comparison of K L,S values obtained for the HL−1,10-phen, and HL−2,2′-bipy combinations shows that the stability of the complexes involving 1,10-phen is higher than those involving 2,2′-bipy, probably because of the higher basicity of the former. A similar trend has been observed in the synergistic extraction of different metals by other investigators also. − , The size of the synergistic enhancement can be found by calculation of the synergistic coefficients as: SC = log( D 1,2 / D 1 + D 2 ) where D 1 , D 2 , and D 1,2 are the distribution ratios of the lanthanoids between the aqueous and the organic phase with the extractants taken separately and with their mixture. The values of the synergistic coefficients are given in Tables and .…”

“…A similar trend has been observed in the synergistic extraction of different metals by other investigators also. [16][17][18][19][20]23 The size of the synergistic enhancement can be found by calculation of the synergistic coefficients as: SC ) log(D 1,2 /D 1 + D 2 ) where D 1 , D 2 , and D 1,2 are the distribution ratios of the lanthanoids between the aqueous and the organic phase with the extractants taken separately and with their mixture. The values of the synergistic coefficients are given in Tables 3 and 4.…”

“…Many studies have been carried out using a neutral unidentate ligand as the synergistic agent like crown ethers, − organophosphorus compounds, − sulfoxides, , or alkylammonium salts. − Compared with these, there are a limited number of investigations devoted to the solvent extraction of metals with mixtures involving a neutral bidentate ligand. The formation of synergistic adducts containing a β-diketone as the acidic component (acetylacetone, benzoylacetone, − pivaloyltrifluoroacetone, thenoyltrifluoroacetone, − LIX 54, and 1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-benzoyl-5-pyrazolone) and bidentate chelating agents, 1,10-phenanthroline and 2,2′-bipyridyl, have been reported for many metals under a variety of conditions. A very high, up to 10 6 , synergistic effect was achieved by Kassierer and Kertes using the combination of two bidentate chelating agents, the β-diketone and a nitrogen base.…”

Thenoyltrifluoroacetone: Preferable Molecule for Solvent Extraction of Metals—Ancient Twists to New Approaches

“…The formation of synergistic adducts containing a β-diketone as the acidic component (acetylacetone, benzoylacetone [117][118][119], pivaloyltrifluoroacetone [120], thenoyltrifluoroacetone [121][122][123][124][125][126][127], LIX 54 (a β-diketone derivative) [128] and 1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-benzoyl-5-pyrazolone [129] and bidentate chelating agents, 1,10-phenanthroline and 2,2 -bipyridyl, have been reported for many metals under a variety of conditions. For example, synergistic effects of seven bidentate amines, S: 2,2 -bipyridyl, and 1,10-phenanthroline and its derivatives, on the extraction of zinc (II) with 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone, HTTA, in benzene were investigated with established dominant extracted species Zn (TTA) 2 •S in every system [130]; see Figure 9. The addition of the amines, even at a low concentration (<10 −5 mol dm −3 ), caused a remarkable improvement in D, while at higher concentrations, a lowering of the D was observed because of the masking effect of amines in the aqueous phase.…”

Synergic Flotation Spectrophotometric Investigation of Rare Earth(III) Ions with Alizarin and 1,10-Phenanthroline

“…One of the well-known systems of mixed-ligand ternary complexes is the synergetic coordination that has been commonly used in extraction methods nowadays. Formerly, nitrogen-coordinating bidentate ligands such as phen or 2,2 -bipyridine have been examined for the transition, RE(III), and actinide ions (3)(4)(5)(6). It was found these bidentate ligands provided a new possibility for improving the separation efficiency and analyzing RE(III) ions with participation of β-diketones (7)(8)(9)(10)(11).…”