Synergetic toughening of poly(phenylene sulfide) by poly(phenylsulfone) and poly(ethylene‐ran‐methacrylate‐ran‐glycidyl methacrylate)

Abstract

Poly(phenylene sulfide) (PPS) is a high-performance super-engineering plastic, but is brittle. In this study, super-tough PPS-based blends were successfully generated by melt blending PPS with poly(ethylene-ran-methacrylate-ranglycidyl methacrylate) (EGMA) and poly(phenylsulfone) (PPSU) at (56/14/30) PPS/EGMA/PPSU composition, and their toughening mechanisms were investigated in detail. It was demonstrated the interfacial reaction between PPS and EGMA and partial miscibility between PPS and PPSU, both play important synergistic roles on the toughening. The interfacial reaction between PPS and EGMA contributes to the reduction of the PPSU domain size by the increased viscosity of the PPS matrix containing EGMA, and the increased mobility of EGMA chains by negative pressure effect. The partial miscibility between PPS and PPSU contributes to the increased interfacial adhesion between PPS and PPSU, resulting in effective propagation of the impact to the domains, and the increased mobility of not only PPSU chains but also PPS chains, causing a reduction in crystallization.

Machine learning assisted optimization of blending process of polyphenylene sulfide with elastomer using high speed twin screw extruder

“…With increasing screw rotation speed or T1, the melt viscosity increased markedly from the value of pure PPS (130 Pa s) to more than 250 Pa s at 1000 rpm or 320 °C when the elastomer content was higher than 10 wt%. The increase in the melt viscosity shows an increase in the molecular weight of polymer blend due to the bond formation between PPS and glycidyl group of the elastomer 9 – 11 . At higher screw rotation speed or T1, however, the melt viscosity turned to decrease down to 60 Pa s. The evident decrease in the melt viscosity indicates a degradation of polymer probably due to a thermal decomposition by the overheating as well as a mechanochemical one by the high shear.…”

“…Polymer blending is an effective and economical approach to develop new materials with improved properties 4 , 5 . Blending PPS with elastomer (viscoelastic polymer) can increase the impact strength via energy dissipation by the rubber component 2 , 3 , 6 – 11 . According to recent researches, properties of the PPS/elastomer blend depend not only on the chemical structure and blend ratio of the elastomer, but also on the microscopic morphology of the product 6 – 11 .…”

“…Blending PPS with elastomer (viscoelastic polymer) can increase the impact strength via energy dissipation by the rubber component 2 , 3 , 6 – 11 . According to recent researches, properties of the PPS/elastomer blend depend not only on the chemical structure and blend ratio of the elastomer, but also on the microscopic morphology of the product 6 – 11 . This is because the two polymers are immiscible and form a droplet-matrix structure where elastomer particles are dispersed in PPS continuous phase.…”

“…The more finely the elastomer particles are dispersed with small sizes and short distances, the higher the impact strength is expected to be 12 , 13 . It is also reported that reactive blending with elastomer having functional groups, such as glycidyl and isocyanate ones, can stabilize the PPS/elastomer interface with good adhesion by the chemical bond formation 6 – 11 .…”

Control of crystallization in two‐phase blends of poly(phenylene sulfide) and poly(vinylpyrrolidone)

“…In addition, because there is a small difference between the melting temperature ( T m ) and the melt crystallization temperature ( T mc ), PPS solidifies quickly and this results in difficulty in injection molding and low weld strength. Crystallinity can be suppressed by deceleration of the crystallization rate because molecular motion is arrested in the cooling process, and this leads to an increase in toughness of PPS 5 . Slow crystallization and/or widening the difference between T m and T mc is also required for increasing the weld strength 6 and permitting thin wall moldings for electronic components such as connectors, microswitches, and condensers 7 …”