Synergetic effect of chemical and topological signals of gingival regeneration scaffold on the behavior of human gingival fibroblasts

Abstract

Achievement of gingiva regeneration poses a substantial challenge for dental aesthetics and periodontal disease repair, but reports of a bioactive and easily available gingival regeneration scaffold are rare. Cell behaviors can be affected by multiple kinds of bioactive signals; thus, it is important to explore the effects of the chemical and topological signals of the scaffold on the behavior of human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs). We hypothesized that the synergetic effect of the chemical and topological scaffold signals were beneficial to gingival regeneration. In this study, HGF behavior on random/aligned poly (e‐caprolactone) (PCL) and polydopamine (PDA)‐coated PCL electrospun scaffolds was investigated in a common medium and in basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) medium. The results showed that the synergistic effect of three signals was better than that of one or two signals. The cell proliferation of the aligned scaffold group was higher than that of the random scaffold, and the PCL/PDA‐Aligned+bFGF group showed the highest cell proliferation. Even if two chemical signals were present, the HGFs still maintained an ordered distribution on the aligned scaffold. Cell differentiation and protein secretion analysis indicated that gene and protein expression of focal adhesion kinase and fibronectin were the highest in the PCL/PDA‐Aligned+bFGF group. Taken together, the chemical and topographic signals within the electrospun scaffold were considered to display a synergistic effect on HGF behaviors, suggesting the potential usefulness of the PCL/PDA‐Aligned+bFGF scaffold for gingiva tissue engineering.

Biodegradable engineered fiber scaffolds fabricated by electrospinning for periodontal tissue regeneration

“…Yang found that aligned scaffold group showed higher HGF cell proliferation than the random scaffold group. 120 The same results were obtained with dental follicle stem cells (DFSCs) 186 and BMSCs. 187 Besides, the orientation of fibers also affects the arrangement and differentiation of cells.…”

“…24,110 In previous study, human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) grew faster on pDA-coated PCL electrospun scaffolds, which means the great potential application of coating in the usage of periodontal tissue regeneration. 120 However, its effect on different cells varies. Lin reported that coating pDA on fibers brought no benefit to the adhesion, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of TSPCs.…”

“…Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) has been proven to accelerate proliferation of HGF and meanwhile enhance matrix deposition. 117,120 Basing on this, Jiang fabricated electrospun PLGA scaffold loading with plasmid DNA encoding fibroblast growth factor-2 (pFGF-2) to promote PDL regeneration. The scaffold promoted the proliferation of hPDLCs as expected and increased the expression levels of collagen I and scleraxis, resulting in more regular PDL-like tissues regeneration and less of root surface resorption.…”

Phenytoin sodium‐ameliorated gingival fibroblast aging is associated with autophagy

“…Gingiva recession is one of the common oral diseases, and the decrease of proliferation and function of hGFs are an important reason of gingiva recession 26,27 . The aging of hGFs is an important reason for the decline of cell repair ability and anabolic ability, while phenytoin can stimulate the proliferation and anabolic ability of hGFs 28‐30 . In this study, we found that phenytoin can be used as a potential drug to interfere with hGFs aging in vitro.…”

Sustained Delivery of Methylsulfonylmethane from Biodegradable Scaffolds Enhances Efficient Bone Regeneration

“… 26 Besides, porous scaffolds with desired properties, such as proper mechanical property, good inner pore architecture, and appropriate bioactivity, are highly demanded for tissue regeneration. 27 , 28 Therefore, numerous scaffolds were developed with synthetic or natural polymers using a lot of techniques including phase separation, 29 solvent casting-particulate leaching, 30 fiber meshes, 31 gas foaming, 32 , 33 rapid prototyping, 34 and a series of three-dimensional (3D) or four-dimensional (4D) printing approaches. 35 , 36 Among these technologies, one of the attractive advantages of phase separation is that a highly interconnected porous structure can be controllably and scalably formed by simply regulating the fabrication parameters, such as polymer concentration, temperature, etc, and bioactive compounds can be directly incorporated without affecting intrinsic biological function.…”