Syndromes of Global Change: The First Panoramic View

Lüdeke, MatthiasK.B.; Petschel‐Held, Gerhard; Schellnhuber, Hans‐Joachim

doi:10.14512/gaia.13.1.10

Cited by 73 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…As soon as additional spatial information is available, the method developed can increase in value. Moreover this can support the assumption that although the SU found it hard to persuade the international community [52], a solid strategy for expanding its irrigated areas in Central Asia had been used. The obtained change maps can now also complete an integrative analysis of land degradation.…”

Section: Chronological Usage Of Soil Types In the Kashkadarya Provincesupporting

confidence: 55%

Reconstructing the Spatio-Temporal Development of Irrigation Systems in Uzbekistan Using Landsat Time Series

Edlinger

Conrad

Lamers³

et al. 2012

Remote Sensing

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Abstract:The expansion of irrigated agriculture during the Soviet Union (SU) era made Central Asia a leading cotton production region in the world. However, the successor states of the SU in Central Asia face on-going environmental damages and soil degradation that are endangering the sustainability of agricultural production. With Landsat MSS and TM data from 1972/73, 1977, 1987, 1998, and 2000 the expansion and densification of the irrigated cropland could be reconstructed in the Kashkadarya Province of Uzbekistan, Central Asia. Classification trees were generated by interpreting multitemporal normalized difference vegetation index data and crop phenological knowledge. Assessments based on image-derived validation samples showed good accuracy. Official statistics were found to be of limited use for analyzing the plausibility of the results, because they hardly represent the area that is cropped in the very dry study region. The cropping area increased from OPEN ACCESS Remote Sens. 2012, 4 3973 134,800 ha in 1972/73 to 470,000 ha in 2009. Overlaying a historical soil map illustrated that initially sierozems were preferred for irrigated agriculture, but later the less favorable solonchaks and solonetzs were also explored, illustrating the strategy of agricultural expansion in the Aral Sea Basin. Winter wheat cultivation doubled between 1987 and 1998 to approximately 211,000 ha demonstrating its growing relevance for modern Uzbekistan. The spatial-temporal approach used enhances the understanding of natural conditions before irrigation is employed and supports decision-making for investments in irrigation infrastructure and land cultivation throughout the Landsat era.

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Section: Chronological Usage Of Soil Types In the Kashkadarya Provincesupporting

confidence: 55%

Reconstructing the Spatio-Temporal Development of Irrigation Systems in Uzbekistan Using Landsat Time Series

Edlinger

Conrad

Lamers³

et al. 2012

Remote Sensing

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“…While increases in rainfall as projected in some models would not produce unambiguous benefits, it is clear that a substantial increase in drought frequency and severity would have very damaging consequences. Human coping strategies in response to increasing uncertainty in food supply as a result of climate change and the associated negative effects on the environment put additional and disturbing pressure on the natural resources, leading to accelerated land degradation and desertification and thus create a 'vicious circle of underdevelopment' (Lüdeke et al 2004;Brooks 2004;Petschel-Held et al 1999).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Besides erratic rainfall patterns, poor soils and unfavorable socioeconomic conditions are key constraints to agricultural development (Breman 1990). Especially in dry years, the livelihood, particularly of the rural population, is threatened, contributing to a vicious circle of underdevelopment, poverty and resource depletion (Lüdeke et al 2004). Changes in rainfall patterns, temperatures and/or in the frequency or severity of extreme events will have direct impacts on crop yields with possibly severe consequences for the food security situation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agriculture, livelihoods and climate change in the West African Sahel

Sissoko¹,

et al. 2010

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The West African Sahel is a harsh environment stressed by a fast-growing population and increasing pressure on the scarce natural resources. Agriculture is the main source of livelihood of the majority of the people living in the area. Increases in temperature and/or modifications in rainfall quantities and distribution will substantially impact on the natural resource on which agriculture depends. The vulnerability of livelihoods based on agriculture is increased and most likely exacerbate and accelerate the current 'downward spiral' of underdevelopment, poverty and environmental degradation. Notably, droughts, a short rainy season and/or very low rainfall will be felt by current systems. To cope with the difficult climatic situation, farm households have developed a range of strategies including selling of animals and on-farm diversification or specialization. At regional level, early warning systems including an operational agro-meteorological information system already provide farmers with crucial information. Substantial political, institutional and financial efforts at national and international level are indispensable for the sustenance of millions of lives. In terms of development, priority needs to be given to adaptation and implementation of comprehensive programs on water management and irrigation, desertification control, development of alternative sources of energy and the promotion of sustainable agricultural practices by farmers.

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“…Obviously, these are different problem manifestations. Yet, if viewed as part of larger sustainability syndromes, e.g., Rural Exodus Syndrome, or Overexploitation Syndrome (Lüdeke et al 2004), there are similarities across contexts that can inform similar solutions. For both problem contexts, historical changes to land use laid the foundation for the current problems, namely, establishing a clear urban-rural divide in Bangkok, and building canals and draining a large lake to accommodate population growth in Mexico City.…”

Section: Type 3: Joint Research On Different Problemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilizing international networks for accelerating research and learning in transformational sustainability science

et al. 2016

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A promising approach for addressing sustainability problems is to recognize the unique conditions of a particular place, such as problem features and solution capabilities, and adopt and adapt solutions developed at other places around the world. Therefore, research and teaching in international networks becomes critical, as it allows for accelerating learning by sharing problem understandings, successful solutions, and important contextual considerations. This article identifies eight distinct types of research and teaching collaborations in international networks that can support such accelerated learning. The four research types are, with increasing intensity of collaboration: (1) solution adoption; (2) solution consultation; (3) joint research on different problems; and (4) joint research on similar problems. The four teaching types are, with increasing intensity of collaboration: (1) adopted course; (2) course with visiting faculty; (3) joint course with traveling faculty; and (4) joint course with traveling students. The typology is illustrated by extending existing research and teaching projects on urban sustainability in the International Network of Programs in Sustainability, with partner universities from Europe, North America, Asia, and Africa. The article concludes with challenges and strategies for extending individual projects into collaborations in international networks.

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Syndromes of Global Change: The First Panoramic View

Cited by 73 publications

References 18 publications

Reconstructing the Spatio-Temporal Development of Irrigation Systems in Uzbekistan Using Landsat Time Series

Reconstructing the Spatio-Temporal Development of Irrigation Systems in Uzbekistan Using Landsat Time Series

Agriculture, livelihoods and climate change in the West African Sahel

Utilizing international networks for accelerating research and learning in transformational sustainability science

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