Syndemics of depression, alcohol use, and victimisation, and their association with HIV-related sexual risk among men who have sex with men and transgender women in India

Chakrapani, Venkatesan; Newman, Peter A.; Shunmugam, Murali; Logie, Carmen H.; Samuel, Miriam

doi:10.1080/17441692.2015.1091024

Cited by 110 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…In the field of HIV treatment and prevention, appeals to the theory of syndemics are near-universally used to justify calls for complex, integrated and/or multi-component interventions targeting all of the co-occurring epidemics in concert. 11–13 Operario and Nemoto, 11 for example, have argued that “Multicomponent interventions are necessary to mitigate the HIV syndemic dynamics in transgender communities… In order for multiple services to form a meaningful bundle, they must be complementary, synergistic in their health benefit, cost-effective, and accepted by target audiences” (p.S92).…”

Section: Measuring Syndemicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Co-occurring epidemics, syndemics, and population health

Tsai¹,

Mendenhall²,

Trostle³

et al. 2017

The Lancet

200

168

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Section: Measuring Syndemicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yet researchers and programme implementers drawing on the theory of syndemics rarely, if ever, advocate for single-component interventions; rather, calls for multi-component interventions are typically the norm. 11–13 …”

Section: Measuring Syndemicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-occurring epidemics, syndemics, and population health

Tsai¹,

Mendenhall²,

Trostle³

et al. 2017

The Lancet

200

168

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Existing literature shows MSM and transgenders/ hijras are vulnerable to mental health issues and physical violence from families, sexual partners and legal authorities and that this can be a barrier to PrEP (Chakrapani, Newman, Shunmugam, Logie, & Samuel, 2015; Mimiaga et al, 2013; Sivasubramanian. et al, 2011; Thomas et al, 2011; Thomas et al, 2009b; Tomori et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual identity and behavior in an online sample of Indian men who have sex with men

et al. 2016

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Indian men who have sex with men are disproportionately impacted by HIV. While prevention efforts to date have focused on men who visit drop-in centers or physical cruising sites, little is known about men who are meeting sexual partners on virtual platforms. This paper explores issues related to sexual identity and sexual behaviors in an online sample of men who identified as gay (n=279) or bisexual (n=123). There were significant differences in outedness between the two groups, with 48% of bisexually-identified men reporting that they were out to “no one” and 82% stating that they present themselves as heterosexual to family and friends. Corresponding rates for gay-identified men were 15% and 41%, respectively (both p <0.001). Twenty-nine percent of bisexually-identified men reported being married, compared to only 3% of the gay-identified men (p< 0.001). Bisexually-identified men were also more likely to report having exclusively insertive anal sex (49% vs 30% p< 0.001), while gay-identified men were more likely to report exclusively receptive anal sex (41% vs 13% p< 0.0001). Rates of unprotected anal sex in the two groups was similar, however married men were significantly more li kely to report unprotected vaginal sex (76% vs 35%, p <0.012). Positive attitudes toward unprotected anal sex and lower self-efficacy were associated with sexual risk in both groups, however, substance use was associated with sexual risk only among bisexually-identified men. These findings show that a large proportion of Indian bisexually-identified men lead closeted lives, especially in their interactions with friends and family, with the vast majority presenting as heterosexual. The lower condom use with wives may be due to societal pressures to have children. The results suggest that bisexually-identified men may benefit from targeted programs and non-directive, non-judgmental individual or couples counseling which emphasizes condom use with both male and female partners.

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“…A qualitative study with sexual minority women found that isolation, anxiety, high substance use, and suicidal thoughts were common themes in these women's experiences. 35 Prevalence rates for depression, substance abuse and dependence, anxiety, and other psychiatric conditions from varied studies [36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49] are described in Table 1. Badgett 25 stated that in the absence of studies providing a comparable estimate for non-LGBTQIA+ people in India, the population prevalence of a condition can be used as a benchmark.…”

Section: Prevalence Of Mental Health Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

What Do We Know About LGBTQIA+ Mental Health in India? A Review of Research From 2009 to 2019

Wandrekar¹,

Nigudkar²

2020

Journal of Psychosexual Health

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Background: The period from 2009 to 2019 has seen a lot of conversation about issues of LGBTQIA+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer/ questioning, intersex, asexual, and others) individuals in India, but they continue to be a group showing poor health equity. Objective: This descriptive content review attempted to explore 5 questions: what is the nature of existing research on mental health of LGBTQIA+ individuals, what are the pathways that contribute to mental health issues, whether the existing health facilities mitigate or facilitate these pathways, what are the interventions proposed for this group, and what are the gaps in research that can be addressed in the next decade. Method: “Mental health aspects” were described as variables relevant to understanding individuals’ cognitions, emotions, and behavior. We searched for literature in online journal databases, in archives of the most prominent journals, on websites of prominent LGBTQIA+ organizations, and through cross-referencing of papers obtained. The data were abstracted and coded into themes and subthemes. We found 22 reviews and reports, 4 viewpoints and comments, 7 editorials, 1 conference proceeding, and 60 original articles. Conclusions: Prevalence studies reveal that LGBTQIA+ individuals were found to show high rates of mental health concerns, and that the adapted minority stress model may be a crucial pathway for the same. Lived experiences, factors related to mental well-being, and societal attitudes have also been studied. Intervention studies are relatively fewer, and certain subgroups of LGBTQIA+ identities are less represented in research. Gaps in research were identified and recommendations for research in the coming decade were proposed.

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Syndemics of depression, alcohol use, and victimisation, and their association with HIV-related sexual risk among men who have sex with men and transgender women in India

Cited by 110 publications

References 36 publications

Co-occurring epidemics, syndemics, and population health

Co-occurring epidemics, syndemics, and population health

Sexual identity and behavior in an online sample of Indian men who have sex with men

What Do We Know About LGBTQIA+ Mental Health in India? A Review of Research From 2009 to 2019

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