Syncytiotrophoblast‐derived extracellular vesicles carry apolipoprotein‐E and affect lipid synthesis of liver cells in vitro

Tersigni, Chiara; Bari, Md. Faizul; Cai, Shijei; Zhang, Wei; Kandžija, Neva; Buchan, Alice; Miranda, Fabrizio; Simone, Nicoletta Di; Redman, Christopher W.G.; Bastie, Claire C.; Vatish, Manu

doi:10.1111/jcmm.17056

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…[ 91 ] In vitro studies suggest that cellular components can alter lipid synthesis in liver cells. [ 92 ] In addition, fetal microchimerism is associated with both placental dysfunction and poor glucose control in diabetic pregnancies. [ 19 ] Thus, fetal microchimerism could play a role in the global metabolic derangements associated with heart disease.…”

Section: Mechanisms Related To Fetal Microchimerism and Circulating F...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Are fetal microchimerism and circulating fetal extracellular vesicles important links between spontaneous preterm delivery and maternal cardiovascular disease risk?

Bonney,

Lintao,

Zelop

et al. 2024

BioEssays

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Trafficking and persistence of fetal microchimeric cells (fMCs) and circulating extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been observed in animals and humans, but their consequences in the maternal body and their mechanistic contributions to maternal physiology and pathophysiology are not yet fully defined. Fetal cells and EVs may help remodel maternal organs after pregnancy‐associated changes, but the cell types and EV cargos reaching the mother in preterm pregnancies after exposure to various risk factors can be distinct from term pregnancies. As preterm delivery‐associated maternal complications are rising, revisiting this topic and formulating scientific questions for future research to reduce the risk of maternal morbidities are timely. Epidemiological studies report maternal cardiovascular risk as one of the major complications after preterm delivery. This paper suggests a potential link between fMCs and circulating EVs and adverse maternal cardiovascular outcomes post‐pregnancies, the underlying mechanisms, consequences, and methods for and how this link might be assessed.

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Section: Mechanisms Related To Fetal Microchimerism and Circulating F...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Are fetal microchimerism and circulating fetal extracellular vesicles important links between spontaneous preterm delivery and maternal cardiovascular disease risk?

Bonney,

Lintao,

Zelop

et al. 2024

BioEssays

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The expression of various HLA during pregnancy is crucial for establishing immune tolerance, and deviations in HLA molecule expression are associated with obstetric complications. 73,74 Therefore, placental exosomes play a pivotal role in fostering immune tolerance, particularly in the early and late stages of pregnancy, thereby mitigating potential complications.…”

Section: Exosomes In Maternal Immune Tolerancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Notably, HLA‐G5 was observed exclusively in early explants‐derived pellets, not in term stages, even though cytotrophoblasts maintained the production of HLA‐G5 throughout pregnancy. The expression of various HLA during pregnancy is crucial for establishing immune tolerance, and deviations in HLA molecule expression are associated with obstetric complications 73,74 . Therefore, placental exosomes play a pivotal role in fostering immune tolerance, particularly in the early and late stages of pregnancy, thereby mitigating potential complications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Placental exosomes in pregnancy and preeclampsia

Nishi,

Modi

2024

American J Rep Immunol

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Preeclampsia, poses significant risks to both maternal and fetal well‐being. Exosomes released by the placenta play a crucial role in intercellular communication and are recognized as potential carriers of essential information for placental development. These exosomes transport a payload of proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids that mirror the placental microenvironment. This review delves into the functional roles of placental exosomes and its contents shedding light on their involvement in vascular regulation and immune modulation in normal pregnancy. Discernible changes are reported in the composition and quantity of placental exosome contents in pregnancies affected by preeclampsia. The exosomes from preeclamptic mothers affect vascularization and fetal kidney development. The discussion also explores the implications of utilizing placental exosomes as biomarkers and the prospects of translating these findings into clinical applications. In conclusion, placental exosomes hold promise as a valuable avenue for deciphering the complexities of preeclampsia, providing crucial diagnostic and prognostic insights. As the field progresses, a more profound comprehension of the distinct molecular signatures carried by placental exosomes may open doors to innovative strategies for managing and offering personalized care to pregnancies affected by preeclampsia.

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“…Li et al showed that trophoblastic sEVs were transported into target cells via macropinocytic and clathrin-mediated endocytic pathways but not caveolin-dependent endocytosis [ 65 ]. We recently showed that hepatic cells can take up STB-EVs via apolipoprotein E, which is carried on a subset of these vesicles [ 15 ].…”

Section: Syncytiotrophoblast Membrane Extracellular Vesicle Cellular ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Preeclampsia and syncytiotrophoblast membrane extracellular vesicles (STB-EVs)

et al. 2022

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Preeclampsia (PE) is a hypertensive complication of pregnancy that affects 2–8% of women worldwide and is one of the leading causes of maternal deaths and premature birth. PE can occur early in pregnancy (<34 weeks gestation) or late in pregnancy (>34 weeks gestation). Whilst the placenta is clearly implicated in early onset PE (EOPE), late onset PE (LOPE) is less clear with some believing the disease is entirely maternal whilst others believe that there is an interplay between maternal systems and the placenta. In both types of PE, the syncytiotrophoblast (STB), the layer of the placenta in direct contact with maternal blood, is stressed. In EOPE, the STB is oxidatively stressed in early pregnancy (leading to PE later in gestation- the two-stage model) whilst in LOPE the STB is stressed because of villous overcrowding and senescence later in pregnancy. It is this stress that perturbs maternal systems leading to the clinical manifestations of PE. Whilst some of the molecular species driving this stress have been identified, none completely explain the multisystem nature of PE. Syncytiotrophoblast membrane vesicles (STB-EVs) are a potential contributor to this multisystem disorder. STB-EVs are released into the maternal circulation in increasing amounts with advancing gestational age, and this release is further exacerbated with stress. There are good in vitro evidence that STB-EVs are taken up by macrophages and liver cells with additional evidence supporting endothelial cell uptake. STB-EV targeting remains in the early stages of discovery. In this review, we highlight the role of STB-EVs in PE. In relation to current research, we discuss different protocols for ex vivo isolation of STB-EVs, as well as specific issues involving tissue preparation, isolation (some of which may be unique to STB-EVs), and methods for their analysis. We suggest potential solutions for these challenges.

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Syncytiotrophoblast‐derived extracellular vesicles carry apolipoprotein‐E and affect lipid synthesis of liver cells in vitro

Abstract: This is an open access article under the terms of the Creat ive Commo ns Attri bution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Cited by 8 publications

References 21 publications

Are fetal microchimerism and circulating fetal extracellular vesicles important links between spontaneous preterm delivery and maternal cardiovascular disease risk?

Are fetal microchimerism and circulating fetal extracellular vesicles important links between spontaneous preterm delivery and maternal cardiovascular disease risk?

Placental exosomes in pregnancy and preeclampsia

Preeclampsia and syncytiotrophoblast membrane extracellular vesicles (STB-EVs)

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