Synchrotron X-Ray radiography of vanadium redox flow batteries – Time and spatial resolved electrolyte flow in porous carbon electrodes

Köble, Kerstin; Eifert, László; Bevilacqua, Nico; Fahy, Kieran F.; Bazylak, Aimy; Zeis, Roswitha

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2021.229660

Cited by 25 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Synchrotron X-ray radiography may potentially elucidate these dynamics in nonaqueous RFBs, similar to how researchers have studied electrolyte flow through carbon felt electrodes for vanadium RFBs. 74,75 For example, the configuration described in Eifert et al may be integrated with other spectroscopic techniques to evaluate other pertinent phenomena ( e.g. , aggregation).…”

Section: Spectroscopic Methods To Investigate Concentrated Electrolytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Synchrotron X-ray radiography may potentially visualize these dynamics in nonaqueous RFBs, similar to how researchers have studied electrolyte flow through carbon felt electrodes for vanadium RFBs. 72,73 For example, the configuration described in Eifert et al may be integrated with other spectroscopic techniques to evaluate other pertinent phenomena (e.g., aggregation). 72 Overall, the variety of spectroscopic studies conducted thus far demonstrate the possibility of examining the experimental behavior of concentrated electrolytes, in some cases operando.…”

Section: Future Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On the challenges of materials and electrochemical characterization of concentrated electrolytes for redox flow batteries

et al. 2022

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Section: Spectroscopic Methods To Investigate Concentrated Electrolytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Future Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the challenges of materials and electrochemical characterization of concentrated electrolytes for redox flow batteries

et al. 2022

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“…151 The ow distribution inside electrodes of different geometry was instead inferred by studying the ooding mechanism of the cell by the electrolyte at different ow speeds. 152 These few examples illustrate that standard microtomography is useful to detect phenomena such as particle fragmentation or detachment enabling comprehensive sample statistics of geometric parameters. However, the picture may not be complete if resolution is not submicrometric, as the mechanical properties of smaller particles may signicantly deviate from those of larger ones.…”

Section: Hard Vs So X-raysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 151 The flow distribution inside electrodes of different geometry was instead inferred by studying the flooding mechanism of the cell by the electrolyte at different flow speeds. 152 …”

Section: Imaging Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synchrotron radiation based operando characterization of battery materials

et al. 2023

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“…Additionally, it is important to perform X-ray CT imaging under relevant electrolyte conditions and flow battery operation. Several groups have recently published efforts in designing imaging cells compatible with liquids and the application of X-ray radiography to visualize electrolyte infiltration on flow battery electrodes . While existing X-ray CT approaches are effective in imaging the electrode structure at the mesoscale (i.e., pixel sizes in the range of 1–3 μm), there is a need to implement multiscale imaging techniques that can accurately resolve the electrode–electrolyte interface at the nanoscale.…”

Section: Why We Need X-ray Ct In Electrocatalysismentioning

confidence: 99%

A Viewpoint on X-ray Tomography Imaging in Electrocatalysis

et al. 2023

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With the emerging demands for clean energy and an economy with net-zero greenhouse gas emissions, electrocatalysis areas have attracted tremendous interest in recent years. The electrochemical devices that use electrocatalysis, such as fuel cells, electrolyzers, and flow batteries, consist of hierarchical structures, requiring comprehension and rational designs across scales from millimeter and micrometer all the way down to atomic scale. In past decades, electron microscopy techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) have been extensively utilized for imaging different scales of these devices in both two and three dimensions. However, electron-based techniques for high-resolution imaging require uninterrupted maintenance of a high-vacuum environment, leading to difficulties of sample preparation and lack of integrated observation without intrusion/ disassembly. To overcome these disadvantages, more and more efforts have been dedicated to the development of X-ray imaging techniques recently, specifically absorption-based two-dimensional (2D) transmission X-ray microscopy and three-dimensional (3D) X-ray tomography, due to much better transmission behaviors of X-rays than electrons. X-ray tomography imaging mostly focuses on answering questions related to morphology and morphological changes at the microscale or near 1 μm resolution and nanoscale of 30 nm resolution. The method is nondestructive and it allows for the visualization of operando electrochemical devices, such as fuel cells, electrolyzers, and redox flow batteries. Operando X-ray microscopic tomography typically focuses on catalyst layers and morphology changes during degradation, as well as mass transport. Nanoscale tomography still predominantly is used for ex situ studies, as multiple challenges exist for operando studies implementation, including X-ray beam damage, sample holder design, and beamline availability. Both microscale and nanoscale tomography beamlines now couple various spectroscopic techniques, enabling electrocatalysis studies for both morphology and chemical transformations. This viewpoint highlights the recent advances in X-ray tomography for electrocatalysis, compares it to other tomographic techniques, and outlines key complementary techniques that can provide additional information during imaging. Lastly, it provides a perspective of what to anticipate in coming years regarding the method use for electrocatalysis studies.

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Synchrotron X-Ray radiography of vanadium redox flow batteries – Time and spatial resolved electrolyte flow in porous carbon electrodes

Cited by 25 publications

References 51 publications

On the challenges of materials and electrochemical characterization of concentrated electrolytes for redox flow batteries

On the challenges of materials and electrochemical characterization of concentrated electrolytes for redox flow batteries

Synchrotron radiation based operando characterization of battery materials

A Viewpoint on X-ray Tomography Imaging in Electrocatalysis

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