Synchrotron X-ray for Archaeometry: state-of-the-art and future perspectives

Abstract

X-rays techniques present several valuable advantages in the field of archaeometry. Using Xrays, structural and chemical details can be obtained through a non-destructive interaction. Synchrotron radiation sources offer x-ray beams of extraordinary intensities and energy tunability, resulting into unprecedented spatial resolution and enhanced elemental selectivity and chemical sensitivity. Archaometry, in its constant effort to interpret the past through the application of scientific techniques, has witnessed an extensive employment of synchrotron radiation. In addition, thanks to the advancements in X-ray production and optics design, and to the acquisition of higher-level technical and scientific expertise, synchrotron facilities have undergone a tremendous evolution in the last decades, approaching new scientific frontiers. In this work, we will present recent achievements that could be of interest for archaeometry. After the analysis of the present situation, we will delve into future perspectives. Scientific case studies will be thoroughly discussed as well as technical potentialities yet to be fully exploited.