Synchrony in telomere length of the human fetus

Youngren, Kjell; Jeanclos, Elisabeth; Aviv, Hana; Kimura, Masayuki; Stock, Jeffrey A.; Hanna, Moneer K.; Skurnick, Joan; Bardeguez, Arlene; Aviv, Abraham

doi:10.1007/s004390050755

Cited by 116 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…Because of molecular size, any of the chemotherapeutic agents administered intravesically is hardly absorbed into the blood. Nevertheless, peripheral blood leukocytes are often used as surrogate cells for the detection of telomeres dysfunction considering that TL was found to be correlated among different tissues (27) and that interindividual TL variation outclasses the variation observed between different tissues of the same individual (28,29). However, it is not yet known whether TL in leukocytes accurately reflects those of other tissues, thus making useful in the future to analyze TL also in bladder cancer cells from our population study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shorter Leukocyte Telomere Length Is Independently Associated with Poor Survival in Patients with Bladder Cancer

Russo

Modica

Guarrera

et al. 2014

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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Background: Shorter telomere length (TL) has been reported to be associated with increased risk of early death in elder individuals. Telomere shortening has been also related to chromosomal instability, which may possibly contribute to the development of several types of digestive or urogenital system cancers and smokingrelated tumors. Therefore, we investigated the impact of TL on bladder cancer survival.Methods: TL was measured in leukocyte DNA from whole peripheral blood using quantitative real-time PCR in 463 patients with bladder cancer from a total 726 cases who were followed for up to 18 years.Results: Patients with muscle-invasive tumor/any grade had shorter telomere than patients with nonmuscle-invasive tumor/high-grade and with non-muscle-invasive tumor/non-high-grade (TL reference 0.7 AE 0.2; vs. respectively, 0.8 AE 0.2, P ¼ 3.4 Â 10 À2 and 0.8 AE 0.2, P ¼ 3.6 Â 10

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shorter Leukocyte Telomere Length Is Independently Associated with Poor Survival in Patients with Bladder Cancer

Russo

Modica

Guarrera

et al. 2014

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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“…There are few situations showing the use of this remedy by human cells. One is represented by germ cells, possibly the only immortal normal eukaryotic cell type, and early stage embryonic as well as fetal cells (Wright et al, 1996;Youngren et al, 1998). Another condition is that presented by cell-renewing somatic tissues (Weng et al, 1997;Harle-Bachor et al, 1996;Yasumoto et al, 1996).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Germ cell-like telomeric length homeostasis in nonseminomatous testicular germ cell tumors

et al. 2000

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Telomere maintenance plays an important role in cell proliferation and tumor survival. Human male germ cells, which carry long telomeres and express telomerase, give rise to a highly heterogeneous group of malignant tumors. We compared telomeric length and telomerase activity between two major histological types of primary testicular germ cell tumors. Fifteen out of 16 seminoma samples revealed telomeric restriction fragment (TRF) length below 13 kb; the remaining seminoma showed a major TRF fraction of 18 kb and a distinct minor fraction of above 23 kb length. In contrast, all 13 samples from nonseminomas showed TRF length 523 kb, which is similar to that reported in human sperm. Nine out of 11 seminoma specimens and six out of seven nonseminomas studied showed moderate to high telomerase activity, the only telomerase-negative nonseminoma being pure mature teratoma. These results indicate to a major dierence in telomeric length between seminomas and nonseminomas, which is apparently unrelated to the presence of telomerase activity, and suggest a germline-like homeostasis of telomeric length is preserved in human nonseminomas. Oncogene (2000) 19, 4075 ± 4078.

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“…For instance, whereas telomere dynamics in white blood cells may chronicle their cumulative oxidative burden through their replicative history, telomere length in the poorly proliferating skeletal muscle cells and nerve cells is unlikely to register the effect of ROS, because telomere erosion only occurs with somatic cell division. However, the biological meaning of the variations in telomere length among individuals during intra-and extra-uterine life 14,15,[45][46][47][48] remains an enigma. So, even if we understand telomere biology in each organ system at the cellular and molecular levels, we may still need to bridge the gap between this basic understanding and the fact that humans express considerable variability in telomere length.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronology Versus Biology

Aviv¹

2002

Hypertension

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Abstract-There is considerable evidence that essential hypertension is closely linked to the growth, development, and aging of human beings. It is imperative, therefore, to introduce biological indicators of growth and aging into models developed to provide a better understanding of the etiology of essential hypertension. One of these indicators may well be the age-dependent telomere attrition rate in somatic cells. Telomere attrition registers the replicative history of somatic cells. As such, it chronicles not only the growth that results from the replication of somatic cells but also their turnover-a process that is strongly linked to inflammation and oxidative stress, which are key factors in the biology of human aging. Key Words: hypertension, essential Ⅲ aging Ⅲ genetics Ⅲ oxidative stress Ⅲ cardiovascular diseases Genetic Information, Biological Meaning, and the Limits of Present Models of Essential HypertensionThe search for the causes of essential hypertension has recently produced a stream of reports about variant genes that may raise blood pressure in humans, yet only modest understanding has been gained about the genetic determinants of this complex human trait. For all their power and sophistication, molecular biology and computational genomics will be less helpful in elucidating the causes of essential hypertension if models constructed to explain this disorder are incomplete.Regardless of the question of what constitutes a gene, it is one thing to understand what a gene does; it is quite another to figure out the ultimate role of the gene in the broader context of the organism. This was clearly articulated by E.F. Keller, who states, "Recent developments in molecular biology have given us a new appreciation of the magnitude of the gap between genetic information and biological meaning." 1 When attempts are made to model the functional relevance of a gene by extrapolating from the cellular to the systemic levels, often the most obvious predictions turn out to be incorrect. The experience with "knockout" mice clearly illustrates this point. 2 Disabling a specific gene in a mouse does not always result in a living mouse that exhibits the anticipated phenotype based on a priori knowledge of gene function. Misunderstanding about the functions of the targeted gene only partially explains the failure to generate the anticipated phenotype. More often the unanticipated outcome relates to insufficient appreciation of the paramount effect of the biological milieu within which the targeted gene gives rise to phenotypic expressions. This is particularly applicable to complex genetic traits, which generally reflect the input of several or many genes that often interact, not only among themselves and with other genes, but also with the environment.Primary hypertension is classified as monogenic hypertension or essential hypertension. Monogenic forms of hypertension result from major gene mutations that primarily influence one biological system. 3 Each one of these mutations wreaks such physiological havoc that i...

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Synchrony in telomere length of the human fetus

Cited by 116 publications

References 17 publications

Shorter Leukocyte Telomere Length Is Independently Associated with Poor Survival in Patients with Bladder Cancer

Shorter Leukocyte Telomere Length Is Independently Associated with Poor Survival in Patients with Bladder Cancer

Germ cell-like telomeric length homeostasis in nonseminomatous testicular germ cell tumors

Chronology Versus Biology

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