Synchronous Power Controller With Flexible Droop Characteristics for Renewable Power Generation Systems

Zhang, Weiyi; Cantarellas, Antoni M.; Rocabert, Joan; Luna, Álvaro; Rodriguez, P.

doi:10.1109/tste.2016.2565059

Cited by 140 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The main drawback of this topology is that it cannot be implemented in islanded modes where the virtual inertia unit has to operate as a grid forming unit. Moreover, the system emulates inertia during frequency variations, but not in input power variations [55]. Accurate measurement of the frequency derivative through PLLs can be challenging for this kind of implementation [56,57].…”

Section: Virtual Synchronous Generators: a Frequency-power Response Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, at its core, instead of using the swing equation for inertia emulation, a second order model with an over-damped response is proposed. This helps to reduce the oscillations in the system [55]. Improved forms of this second-order model was presented in [55,76].…”

Section: Other Topologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This helps to reduce the oscillations in the system [55]. Improved forms of this second-order model was presented in [55,76].…”

Section: Other Topologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Virtual Inertia: Current Trends and Future Directions

et al. 2017

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Abstract:The modern power system is progressing from a synchronous machine-based system towards an inverter-dominated system, with large-scale penetration of renewable energy sources (RESs) like wind and photovoltaics. RES units today represent a major share of the generation, and the traditional approach of integrating them as grid following units can lead to frequency instability. Many researchers have pointed towards using inverters with virtual inertia control algorithms so that they appear as synchronous generators to the grid, maintaining and enhancing system stability. This paper presents a literature review of the current state-of-the-art of virtual inertia implementation techniques, and explores potential research directions and challenges. The major virtual inertia topologies are compared and classified. Through literature review and simulations of some selected topologies it has been shown that similar inertial response can be achieved by relating the parameters of these topologies through time constants and inertia constants, although the exact frequency dynamics may vary slightly. The suitability of a topology depends on system control architecture and desired level of detail in replication of the dynamics of synchronous generators. A discussion on the challenges and research directions points out several research needs, especially for systems level integration of virtual inertia systems.

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Section: Virtual Synchronous Generators: a Frequency-power Response Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Other Topologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Virtual Inertia: Current Trends and Future Directions

et al. 2017

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“…In this chapter the control strategy applied is based on the enhanced emulation of a synchronous generator where the synchronization loop is inherently implemented in the control equations [5]. The main mechanical characteristics of the synchronous generators, collected by the swing equations, are the mechanical inertia and the damping effect.…”

Section: Fundamental and Harmonic Current Control Loopmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grid voltage harmonic damping method for SPC based power converters with multiple virtual admittance control

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Rocabert

et al. 2017

2017 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE)

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to these spikes, damaging thus the control performance. This problem is worse in case of harmonics where the noise presence is still higher and the control signals themselves have a higher frequency.This paper deals with the implementation of parallel virtual admittances at harmonic frequencies. The virtual admittance approach provides advantages if compared with virtual impedance, as it does not introduce any derivative term in the controller. As the admittance is a virtual element this work takes advantage of this and considers a synchronous generation systems with different admittances at different frequencies. By means of this approach once the grid harmonic distortion is being analyzed, several harmonic virtual admittance loops can be implemented in the control of DC-AC converters, in order to attenuate the grid voltage distortion. These virtual admittances operate in parallel with the main voltage loop at fundamental frequency, in order to inject the required harmonic content at a specific frequency to enhance the voltage profile.On this paper the scope will be focused just in the harmonic attenuation. As it will be proven, being able to inject harmonics to the grid by this synchronous power control makes it possible to inject active and reactive power and also attenuate harmonic distortion appearing at the point of common coupling (PCC). II. FUNDAMENTAL AND HARMONIC CURRENT CONTROL LOOPIn this chapter the control strategy applied is based on the enhanced emulation of a synchronous generator where the synchronization loop is inherently implemented in the control equations [5]. The main mechanical characteristics of the synchronous generators, collected by the swing equations, are the mechanical inertia and the damping effect. Following the electrical characteristic of the synchronous generator is enclosed in the virtual admittance block, which is described in detail in [6].These blocks are depicted in Fig. 1.Abstract -The appearance of harmonics in the grid voltage is an issue for the generation systems and grid connected consumers. This paper presents the basic control strategy to be implemented in Synchronous Power Control (SPC) based power converters, which contributes to reduce the harmonic content in the voltage by means of injecting different harmonic current to the grid using a separated virtual admittance algorithm. This control strategy is capable of generating such a current reference that attenuates the harmonic values at the point of connection of the converter.

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“…Inertia and damping characteristic can be given by configuring the mechanical block. Different strategies can be used for the control design of the mechanical block [26], and in this paper, a lead-lag structure is used [27]. The virtual synchronous frequency ω is integrated with a phase angle θ, and combining the voltage magnitude E generated by the reactive power controller, virtual electromotive force e is generated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Unified Current Loop Tuning Approach for Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Inverters

et al. 2016

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High level penetration of renewable energy sources has reshaped modern electrical grids. For the future grid, distributed renewable power generation plants can be integrated in a larger scale. Control of grid-connected converters is required to achieve fast power reference tracking and further to present grid-supporting and fault ride-through performance. Among all of the aspects for converter control, the inner current loop for grid-connected converters characterizes the system performance considerably. This paper proposes a unified current loop tuning approach for grid-connected converters that is generally applicable in different cases. A direct discrete-time domain tuning procedure is used, and particularly, the selection of the phase margin and crossover frequency is analyzed, which acts as the main difference compared with the existing studies. As a general method, the approximation in the modeling of the controller and grid filter is avoided. The effectiveness of the tuning approach is validated in both simulation and experimental results with respect to power reference tracking, frequency and voltage supporting.

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Synchronous Power Controller With Flexible Droop Characteristics for Renewable Power Generation Systems

Cited by 140 publications

References 22 publications

Virtual Inertia: Current Trends and Future Directions

Virtual Inertia: Current Trends and Future Directions

Grid voltage harmonic damping method for SPC based power converters with multiple virtual admittance control

A Unified Current Loop Tuning Approach for Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Inverters

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