Synchronous Endometrial and Ovarian Carcinoma: A Case Series

Abstract

Synchronous ovarian and endometrial cancer (SEOC) is a rare instance but it accounts for 50–70% of all synchronous female genital tract tumors. We report three cases of women who were diagnosed with SEOC and underwent surgical staging. All cases were of the endometrioid subtype, grade 1, both in the ovarian and endometrial component. Two of them were stage Ia/Ia, and the third was stage Ib/Ib. More than 2 years after the diagnosis, all patients were alive and recurrence-free. The present report critically discusses the main characteristics, risk factors, and management of patients with SEOCs.

Synchronous endometrial and ovarian carcinoma (SEOC): case series and literature review

“…The histology subtype of all the patients in this case series had concordant endometroid adenocarcinoma of the endometrium and ovary. It is the typical histology for SEOCs in up to 60-70% of cases, and most of them are diagnosed in early stages with low histologic grade [3,4,6,8,11]. This concurs with the hypothesis of "microenvironment restriction" where the two primaries would be in the early stage with a low-grade histology [4,12,13].…”

“…It is the typical histology for SEOCs in up to 60-70% of cases, and most of them are diagnosed in early stages with low histologic grade [3,4,6,8,11]. This concurs with the hypothesis of "microenvironment restriction" where the two primaries would be in the early stage with a low-grade histology [4,12,13]. However, three patients had ovarian carcinoma of stages 2-4, which does not reflect the pattern of most SEOCs despite low-grade histology in the endometrium.…”

“…It is known that synchronous primary tumours of the female genital tract are relatively rare, comprising 1.7% of all genital neoplasms [3]. They occur in 10% of cases of ovarian cancer and in 5% of women with endometrial cancer [4]. The most predominant cancer is synchronous endometrial and ovarian cancer (SEOC), which accounts for 51.7% of all synchronous genital tumours [3].…”

Synchronous Endometrial Malignant Mixed Mullerian Tumor and Ovarian High-Grade Serous Carcinoma: A Case Report and Review of Literature

“…SEOC is the simultaneous occurrence of both endometrial and ovarian cancers at the time of diagnosis. 6 Although a rare instance, SEOC is the most frequent of the synchronous female genital tract cancers, 2,7,12 which accounts for 0.7 to 1.8% of all gynecologic malignancies. 2 SEOCs occur in younger women than those with either of primary ovarian or primary endometrial malignancies.…”

“…Distinguishing SEOC from metastatic cancers either of the ovary to the endometrium and vice versa is challenging, especially if the histologic type is same in the two cancer sites. 12 A set of guiding criteria developed for the histopathologic diagnosis of SEOC include, but are not limited to, the following 19 : The two lesions must be histologically dissimilar as is seen in the index case with endometrial MMMT and ovarian serous carcinoma. Second, there should be no or only superficial myometrial invasion, no vascular space invasion by the endometrial tumor; this was the case in the index patient with the endometrial tumor still limited within the uterus (FIGO stage 1A) (►Fig.…”