Synchronized sampling and phasor measurements for relaying and control

Phadke, A.G.; Pickett, B.; Adamiak, Mark; Begović, Miroslav; Benmouyal, G.; Burnett, R.O.; Cease, T.W.; Goossens, J.; Hansen, Daniel J.; Kezunovic, Mladen; Mankoff, L. L.; McLaren, P.G.; Michel, G.; Murphy, R.J.; Nordstrom, J.; Sachdev, Manoj; Smith, H. S.; Thorp, James S.; Trotignon, Marc; Wang, T.C.; Xavier, Marcelo A.

doi:10.1109/61.277716

Cited by 188 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Synchronized phasor measurement applications such as state estimation and out-of-step relaying require phasor estimation errors on the order of tenths of a degree [9]. Typical sources of these errors include GPS transmitters and receivers, instrument transformers, and phasor estimation devices.…”

Section: Sources Of Errors In Phasor Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, you can analyze power system frequency excursions during power system disturbances. This data acquisition system is also suitable for synchronized phasor measurement ( Figure 7) when an external time source with absolute time reference determines the sampling interval [9]. A small variation of this approach is a sampling system that uses a fixed sampling rate (f S ) that is a multiple of the system nominal frequency (f NOM ).…”

Section: Sampling At Fixed Time Intervalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synchronized phasor measurement in protective relays for protection, control, and analysis of electric power systems

Benmouyal¹,

Schweitzer²,

Guzmán³

2004

57th Annual Conference for Protective Relay Engineers, 2004

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The advent of satellite-based time-keeping systems and advances in computer technology have made possible protective relay sampling synchronization within 1 µs. These relays can now provide synchronized phasor measurements that eliminate the need to have different devices for protection, control, and electric power system analysis for system-wide applications and traditional protection applications. System-wide applications have different sampling and signal processing requirements than do traditional protection applications. These different requirements normally are addressed with different devices, one device for each specific function. This paper proposes combining the aforementioned applications in a single device with a flexible signal processing system. The addition of synchrophasor measurement in a protective relay results in increased power system reliability and provides easier disturbance analysis, protection, and control capabilities than do approaches with different information sources.

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Section: Sources Of Errors In Phasor Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sampling At Fixed Time Intervalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synchronized phasor measurement in protective relays for protection, control, and analysis of electric power systems

Benmouyal¹,

Schweitzer²,

Guzmán³

2004

57th Annual Conference for Protective Relay Engineers, 2004

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“…A la salida del convertidor analógico-digital se tiene una señal digital con muestras equiespaciadas, en este caso, los datos digitalizados se filtran aplicándoles la Transformada Discreta de Fourier (DFT) para obtener una señal muestreada en frecuencia (Phadke et al, 1983;1994).…”

Section: Concepto De Medición Fasorial Sincronizadaunclassified

Implementación de un sistema de monitoreo de área amplia a escala de laboratorio para sistemas eléctricos de potencia

Alba

Apodaca-Zamora

Ortiz-Muro

2018

IIT

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ResumenLos sistemas eléctricos de potencia operan bajo condiciones controladas producto de una planeación estratégica y monitoreo de diversos procesos mediante Sistemas de Supervisión, Control y Adquisición de Datos (SCADA). Esas herramientas de apoyo se forman por cantidad de dispositivos que terminan alimentando software que resuelve ciertas aplicaciones de tiempo real. La mayoría de aplicaciones actualmente responden con una demora del orden de segundos en tanto se agrupa la información desde distintas subestaciones y se controlan errores del proceso. Reducir ese intervalo de concentración de la información de tiempo real y elevar la precisión de la medición global de la red es tema de investigación en la comunidad de expertos. La tendencia mundial es recurrir a nuevas tecnologías de comunicaciones y de medición digital, ambas operando con registros digitalizados con una referencia de tiempo global. Ese es el concepto de sistema de monitoreo de área amplia (WAMS), como sistema que alimenta aplicaciones de registros provenientes de unidades de medición fasorial sincronizadas (PMU). El artículo describe un WAMS virtual a escala de laboratorio aplicable a probar futuras aplicaciones. Bajo ese enfoque se diseñaron PMU que remiten datos con una tasa de transmisión de datos de entre 10 y 60 paquetes por segundo. Se expone como se implementó la interfaz gráfica, características y estructura acoplada a una plataforma de simulación de tiempo real. Descripores: PMU, WAMS, SCADA. AbstractInterconnected Power Systems perform as result of strategic plans and by monitoring processes with Supervisory, Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) System. These tools used to be formed by several devices feeding dedicated software responding on-line. Such programmed applications suffer a delay by the order of seconds while substation information is grouped and internal error of processes is controlled. Reduction of time for concentrating real time information and data precision becomes a research topic for the community of experts. Worldwide tendency is the use of new technologies such as digital communication systems and digital measurement, they both dealing with a common time reference. That's our concept of WAMS as an element dedicated for feeding software applications taking data from PMU´s. Under that assumption, we present PUM designs transmitting data in the order of 10-60 samples per second. The article describes a virtual WAMS at laboratory scale for assessing future applications. It is exposed the user interface, characteristics and the structure coupled to a real time simulator.

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“…The phasor measurement units (PMUs) that enable monitoring and control in power grids need timing information to synchronize measurements across a wide geographical area [1]. Wireless communication networks use time transfer to synchronize their base stations, and timestamping of financial transactions also requires a way to distribute a common time reference across the globe [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Requirements for secure wireless time transfer

Narula

Humphreys

2016

2016 IEEE/ION Position, Location and Navigation Symposium (PLANS)

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Abstract-Time transfer is the backbone of all technologies that require synchronization between stations. Wireless time transfer protocols generally employ simple and convenient one-way communication for synchronization of different nodes. However, it is argued that all one-way wireless time transfer protocols are fundamentally vulnerable to replay attacks that compromise timing information. Necessary conditions for security of a twoway time transfer protocol are proposed and proved by contradiction. Furthermore, an example compliant system is presented in detail. The uncertainty in estimation of tropospheric delay using common climatological models is studied and its effect on the accuracy of one-way time transfer and security of two-way time transfer is presented. Analysis of these models suggest that they are adequate for nanosecond-level accurate time transfer over links that are shorter than 10 km, but more sophisticated weather estimation techniques are needed if this accuracy is to be achieved over long distances.

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Synchronized sampling and phasor measurements for relaying and control

Cited by 188 publications

References 17 publications

Synchronized phasor measurement in protective relays for protection, control, and analysis of electric power systems

Synchronized phasor measurement in protective relays for protection, control, and analysis of electric power systems

Implementación de un sistema de monitoreo de área amplia a escala de laboratorio para sistemas eléctricos de potencia

Requirements for secure wireless time transfer

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