“…Under such an assumption, the measurement output collected by the sensor from plant (y s (k)) is equal to the expected measurement output of the plant (y(k) ), that is, y s (k) ≡ y(k). It is indeed convenient for the design of state estimator, however, it is often proved to be impossible in many situations, partly due to the fact that the networked-induced phenomena naturally exist in network-based control systems and partly due to the fact that many feedback device nonlinearities, such as sensor and actuator nonlinearity, arise frequently in feedback control systems [11,24,31]. Based on this consideration, the assumption was attempted to be removed in many recent studies, e.g., [24,30], where the time delays in communication channels were ignored.…”