Synchronising the availability of amino acids and glucose increases protein retention in pigs

Abstract

Effects of synchronising the availability of amino acids and glucose within a day on protein and energy metabolism were studied in growing pigs. Ten pigs of on average 54 (s.e. 1.0) kg live weight were assigned to each of two dietary treatments (synchronous v. asynchronous nutrient supply) in a change-over design. On the synchronous treatment (SYN), pigs received two balanced meals: one at 0800 h and one at 1600 h. On the asynchronous treatment (ASYN), pigs received virtually all protein at 0800 h and all carbohydrates at 1600 h. The dietary supply of ingredients and nutrients to pigs was similar for both treatments. Pigs were housed individually in respiration chambers. Faecal apparent nutrient digestibility was determined and nitrogen and energy balances were measured. Faecal apparent digestibility of energy, organic matter and non-starch polysaccharides was higher ( P , 0.05) for SYN than for ASYN. The efficiency of utilisation of digestible protein with protein gain was higher ( P ¼ 0.001) for SYN (56.7%) than for ASYN (47.1%). The substantial decrease ( P , 0.05) in respiratory quotient and 13 C enrichment of the expired CO 2 after the morning meal indicated higher amino acid oxidation for ASYN than for SYN. Heat production and energy retention as fat were not affected by nutrient synchrony. In conclusion, an asynchronous availability of glucose and amino acids within a day increases amino acid oxidation, resulting in a substantial reduction in protein utilisation but with virtually no effect on fat retention.

Partitioning of heat production in growing pigs as a tool to improve the determination of efficiency of energy utilization

“…Irrespective of castration method, AHP accounted for 8.6% of ME intake, which agrees with previous observations in growing pigs fed close to ad-libitum (from 7.6 to 11.6% of ME intake; Schrama et al, 1998; Le Bellego et al, 2001; Quiniou et al, 2001; van den Borne et al, 2007; Labussière et al, 2011; Renaudeau et al, 2013) but values were highly variable between animals (Figure 3). To account for the possible bias induced by the variation in AHP between animals, a calculation routine was used to standardize AHP between animals, which resulted in variations in TEF c and RE c .…”

Wheat starch digestion rate affects broiler performance

“…In his study, better FCR was observed with KDS values closer to 1.26 h −1 , whereas in the present report, a KDS value of 1.80 h −1 impaired performance. According to Van den Borne et al (2007), pig performance is maximized when the absorption of energy-providing nutrients and amino acids for protein synthesis is synchronized. Black et al (2005) proposed an asynchrony in the timing of absorption of amino acids and glucose as an explanation to the lower energy utilization from sorghum than from wheat-based diets in poultry.…”

Characterization of saccharides released during an in vitro pepsin‐pancreatin digestion of corn flour using HPAEC‐PAD

“…In single-stomach animals, variations in the rate of starch digestion have several implications on digestion and absorption of nutrients, and on animal performances [23][24]. An asynchronous availability of nutrients (glucose and amino-acids) within a day could negatively affect protein utilization by consumers [25]. These kinds of information are not provided when only glucose is measured after digestion.…”