Synaptic inputs to broad thorny ganglion cells in macaque retina

Bordt, Andrea S.; Patterson, Sara S.; Girresch, Rebecca J.; Pérez, Diego Moreno; Tseng, Luke; Anderson, James R.; Mazzaferri, Marcus A.; Kuchenbecker, James A.; Gonzales‐Rojas, Rodrigo; Roland, Ashley; Tang, Charis; Puller, Christian; Chuang, Alice Z.; Ogilvie, Judith Mosinger; Neitz, Jay; Marshak, David

doi:10.1002/cne.25156

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…For descriptive purposes, the IPL was divided into 5 strata of 20% each, with 1 beginning at the INL and 5 ending at the GCL. The dendrites of ipRGCs were analyzed using the singleDendriteDiameter function 11 , and the soma diameters were determined using the Measure Line tool in Viking.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synaptic inputs to displaced intrinsically-photosensitive ganglion cells in macaque retina

Bordt

Patterson

Kuchenbecker

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Ganglion cells are the projection neurons of the retina. Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) express the photopigment melanopsin and also receive input from rods and cones via bipolar cells and amacrine cells. In primates, multiple types of ipRGCs have been identified. The ipRGCs with somas in the ganglion cell layer have been studied extensively, but less is known about those with somas in the inner nuclear layer, the “displaced” cells. To investigate their synaptic inputs, three sets of horizontal, ultrathin sections through central macaque retina were collected using serial block-face scanning electron microscopy. One displaced ipRGC received nearly all of its excitatory inputs from ON bipolar cells and would therefore be expected to have ON responses to light. In each of the three volumes, there was also at least one cell that had a large soma in the inner nuclear layer, varicose axons and dendrites with a large diameter that formed large, extremely sparse arbor in the outermost stratum of the inner plexiform layer. They were identified as the displaced M1 type of ipRGCs based on this morphology and on the high density of granules in their somas. They received extensive input from amacrine cells, including the dopaminergic type. The vast majority of their excitatory inputs were from OFF bipolar cells, including two subtypes with extensive input from the primary rod pathway. They would be expected to have OFF responses to light stimuli below the threshold for melanopsin or soon after the offset of a light stimulus.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Synaptic inputs to displaced intrinsically-photosensitive ganglion cells in macaque retina

Bordt

Patterson

Kuchenbecker

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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“…Three retinal volumes, sectioned in the horizontal plane and acquired at resolutions of 5 nm/pixel or 7.5 nm/pixel, were studied. Two of these volumes were also used in recent studies of synaptic inputs to other types of retinal ganglion cells [8][9][10][11][12] . Image registration was performed using Nornir (http://nornir.github.io RRID:SCR_003584), and the image tiles were reassembled into cohesive digital volumes and hosted on a 24-core server at the University of Washington.…”

Section: Connectomic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Processes of ipRGCs and axon terminals of bipolar cells were analyzed using the IPLDepth function 12 . The dendrites of ipRGCs were analyzed using the singleDendriteDiameter function 11 , and the soma diameters were determined using the Measure Line (Mosaic) tool in Viking.…”

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confidence: 99%

Synaptic Inputs to Displaced Intrinsically-Photosensitive Ganglion Cells in Macaque Retina

Bordt¹,

Patterson

Kuchenbecker

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Ganglion cells are the projection neurons of the retina. Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) express the photopigment melanopsin and also receive input from rods and cones via bipolar cells and amacrine cells. In primates, multiple types of ipRGCs have been identified. The ipRGCs with somas in the ganglion cell layer have been studied extensively, but less is known about those with somas in the inner nuclear layer, the “displaced” cells. To investigate their synaptic inputs, three sets of horizontal, ultrathin sections through central macaque retina were collected using serial blockface scanning electron microscopy. One displaced ganglion cell with a smaller soma and lipofuscin granules was classified as a displaced M1 cell. It received nearly all of its excitatory inputs from ON bipolar cells and would have ON responses to light. In all three volumes, there were cells in the inner nuclear layer that had extremely large somas, varicose axons and dendrites with a large diameter that formed a sparse arbor in the outermost stratum of the inner plexiform layer. They were identified as the gigantic displaced M1 type of ipRGCs based on this morphology and on the high density of granules in their somas. They received extensive input from amacrine cells. The vast majority of their excitatory inputs were from OFF bipolar cells, and they would have OFF responses to light stimuli under some conditions, like the novel type of ipRGCs described recently in humans. They may account for the paradoxical pupillary responses seen in some patients with congenital stationary night blindness.

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“…In primates, physiologically and morphologically well-characterized ganglion cells include midget and parasol (reviewed by B. B. Lee et al, 2010;Merigan & Maunsell, 1993), small bistratified (Dacey & Lee, 1994), smooth monostratified (Crook et al, 2008a;Rhoades et al, 2019), melanopsin expressing (Dacey et al, 2005), and broad thorny cells (Bordt et al, 2021;Puller et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Satb1 expression in retinal ganglion cells of marmosets, macaques, and humans

Nasir-Ahmad

Vanstone

Novelli

et al. 2021

J of Comparative Neurology

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Recent advances in single-cell RNA sequencing have enabled the molecular distinction of ganglion cell populations in mammalian retinas. Here we used antibodies against the transcription factor special AT-rich binding protein 1 (Satb1, a protein which is expressed by on-off direction-selective ganglion cells in mouse retina) to study Satb1 expression in the retina of marmosets (Callithrix jacchus), macaques (Macaca fascicularis), and humans. In all species, Satb1 was exclusively expressed in retinal ganglion cells. The Satb1 cells made up ∼2% of the ganglion cell population in the central retina of all species, rising to a maximum ∼7% in peripheral marmoset retina. Intracellular injections in marmoset and macaque retinas revealed that most Satb1 expressing ganglion cells are widefield ganglion cells. In marmoset, Satb1 cells have a densely branching dendritic tree and include broad and narrow thorny, recursive bistratified, and parasol cells, all of which show some costratification with the outer or inner cholinergic amacrine cells. The recursive bistratified cells showed the strongest costratification but did not show extensive cofasciculation as reported for on-off direction-selective ganglion cells in rabbit and rodent retinas. In macaque, Satb1 was not expressed in recursive bistratified cells, but in large sparsely branching cells. Our findings further support the idea that the expression of transcription factors in retinal ganglion cells is not conserved across Old World (human and macaque) and New World (marmoset)primates and provides a further step to link a molecular marker with specific cell types.

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Synaptic inputs to broad thorny ganglion cells in macaque retina

Cited by 9 publications

References 55 publications

Synaptic inputs to displaced intrinsically-photosensitive ganglion cells in macaque retina

Synaptic inputs to displaced intrinsically-photosensitive ganglion cells in macaque retina

Synaptic Inputs to Displaced Intrinsically-Photosensitive Ganglion Cells in Macaque Retina

Satb1 expression in retinal ganglion cells of marmosets, macaques, and humans

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