Synaptic events that generate fast oscillations in piriform cortex

Ketchum, K. L.; Haberly, Lewis B.

doi:10.1523/jneurosci.13-09-03980.1993

Cited by 53 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(58 reference statements)

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“…However, a recent report suggests that there are multiple generators of gamma rhythms in the olfactory system: The classic mitral-granule mechanism may underlie sniff cycle-generated oscillations, whereas during alert immobility, a different mechanism appears to produce gamma oscillations in a lower frequency range (Kay 2003). We hypothesize that the enhanced gamma energy observed during the Sniff-GO window resulted from the classic mechanism and was subthreshold, as has also been indicated in prior reports (Ketchum and Haberly 1993). This would be consistent with the observed, greater manifestation of fast oscillations in the local field potentials than in the units.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Beta- and gamma-frequency coupling between olfactory and motor brain regions prior to skilled, olfactory-driven reaching

Hermer-Vazquez

Srinivasan

et al. 2007

Exp Brain Res

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A major question in neuroscience concerns how widely separated brain regions coordinate their activity to produce unitary cognitive states or motor actions. To investigate this question, we employed multisite, multielectrode recording in rats to study how olfactory and motor circuits are coupled prior to the execution of an olfactory-driven, GO/NO-GO variant of a skilled, rapidly executed (~350-600 ms) reaching task. During task performance, we recorded multi-single units and local field potentials (LFPs) simultaneously from the rats' olfactory cortex (specifically, the posterior piriform cortex) and from cortical and subcortical motor sites (the caudal forepaw M1, and the magnocellular red nucleus, respectively). Analyses on multi-single units across areas revealed an increase in beta-frequency spiking (12-30 Hz) during a ~100 ms window surrounding the Final Sniff of the GO cue before lifting the arm (the "Sniff-GO window") that was seldom seen when animals sniffed the NO-GO cue. Also during the Sniff-GO window, LFPs displayed a striking increase in beta, low-gamma, and high-gamma energy (12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30) respectively), and oscillations in the high gamma band appeared to be coherent across the recorded sites. These results indicate that transient, multispectral coherence across cortical and subcortical brain sites is part of the coordination process prior to sensory-guided movement initiation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Beta- and gamma-frequency coupling between olfactory and motor brain regions prior to skilled, olfactory-driven reaching

Hermer-Vazquez

Srinivasan

et al. 2007

Exp Brain Res

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“…Current source density (CSD) analysis was conducted on spontaneous or averaged field profiles recorded using the linear multiprobe following the assumptions of Freeman (1975), Rodriguez and Haberly (1989), and Ketchum and Haberly (1993). Spontaneous multiprobe traces were lowpass filtered at 10 Hz before CSD computation.…”

Section: Data Processing and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Hippocampal Slow Oscillation: A Novel EEG State and Its Coordination with Ongoing Neocortical Activity

Wolansky

Clement

Peters

et al. 2006

Journal of Neuroscience

216

252

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State-dependent EEG in the hippocampus (HPC) has traditionally been divided into two activity patterns: theta, a large-amplitude, regular oscillation with a bandwidth of 3-12 Hz, and large-amplitude irregular activity (LIA), a less regular signal with broadband characteristics. Both of these activity patterns have been linked to the memory functions subserved by the HPC. Here we describe, using extracellular field recording techniques in naturally sleeping and urethane-anesthetized rats, a novel state present during deactivated stages of sleep and anesthesia that is characterized by a prominent large-amplitude and slow frequency (Յ1 Hz) rhythm. We have called this activity the hippocampal slow oscillation (SO) because of its similarity and correspondence with the previously described neocortical SO. Almost all hippocampal units recorded exhibited differential spiking behavior during the SO as compared with other states. Although the hippocampal SO occurred in situations similar to the neocortical SO, it demonstrated some independence in its initiation, coordination, and coherence. The SO was abolished by sensory stimulation or cholinergic agonism and was enhanced by increasing anesthetic depth or muscarinic receptor antagonism. Laminar profile analyses of the SO showed a phase shift and prominent current sink-source alternations in stratum lacunosum-moleculare of CA1. This, along with correlated slow oscillatory field and multiunit activity in superficial entorhinal cortex suggests that the hippocampal SO may be coordinated with slow neocortical activity through input arriving via the temporo-ammonic pathway. This novel state may present a favorable milieu for synchronization-dependent synaptic plasticity within and between hippocampal and neocortical ensembles.

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“…The firing of mitral and tufted cells of the olfactory bulb (OB) and pyramidal cells of piriform cortex (PC) is constrained by these oscillations to occur within narrow time windows (Eeckman and Freeman 1990;Kashiwadani et al 1999). Consequently, a distinct sequence of synaptic events is expected to occur within each cycle of a fast oscillation (Ketchum and Haberly 1993). Both dendritic integration and synaptic plasticity can be highly dependent on the precise temporal relationships between two synaptic inputs or between an input and a postsynaptic action potential (Sjöström and Nelson 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beta and Gamma Oscillations in the Olfactory System of the Urethane-Anesthetized Rat

Neville

Haberly

2003

Journal of Neurophysiology

275

268

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. Beta and gamma oscillations in the olfactory system of the urethane-anesthetized rat. J Neurophysiol 90: 3921-3930, 2003. First published August 13, 2003 10.1152/jn.00475.2003. Fast oscillations in the beta (15-40 Hz in awake rats) and gamma (50 -100 Hz) frequency ranges are prominent in field potentials induced by odorants in the mammalian olfactory bulb (OB) and piriform cortex (PC). Whereas the gamma oscillation has been studied for Ͼ50 yr, the beta oscillation has attracted attention only recently, and its origin, mechanism, and relationship to gamma are unknown. To address these questions, we have examined responses induced by odorants in the urethane-anesthetized rat-a preparation well-suited for the analysis of mechanisms. We found that both oscillations could be induced by odorants in a concentrationdependent manner. Analysis with a concentration series and spectral methods revealed that the beta and gamma oscillations were distinct and not harmonically related, indicating generation by independent mechanisms. The beta oscillation was synchronous at sites Յ4 mm apart in the OB, the greatest distance tested. In contrast, the gamma oscillation was synchronous in some experiments and asynchronous in others (frequency differed slightly at different sites, resulting in progressive phase shifts). Current source-density analysis indicated that, for both oscillations, the field potentials in the OB were generated by synaptic currents in granule cells. The two oscillations were differently affected by surgical interruption of the lateral olfactory tract. This lesion abolished the beta oscillation, whereas the gamma oscillation was still induced in the OB. Our results confirm previous reports that the gamma oscillation is generated within the OB but indicate that the beta oscillation requires the participation of PC.

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Synaptic events that generate fast oscillations in piriform cortex

Cited by 53 publications

References 38 publications

Beta- and gamma-frequency coupling between olfactory and motor brain regions prior to skilled, olfactory-driven reaching

Beta- and gamma-frequency coupling between olfactory and motor brain regions prior to skilled, olfactory-driven reaching

Hippocampal Slow Oscillation: A Novel EEG State and Its Coordination with Ongoing Neocortical Activity

Beta and Gamma Oscillations in the Olfactory System of the Urethane-Anesthetized Rat

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