Symptoms persist in patients two years after COVID-19 infection: a prospective follow-up study

Millet, Christopher; Narvaneni, Spandana; Roman, Sherif; Horani, George; Chaudhry, Suhail; Michael, Patrick; Suh, Jin Suck; Jiménez, Humberto

doi:10.1016/j.cmi.2022.06.008

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 5 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…To help clinicians, public health policy makers, and researchers efficiently identify COVID‐19 survivors most at risk of long‐term sequelae, we also extracted and categorized the evidence of potential predictive risk factors and biomarkers into two domains: (1) before the SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, and (2) during the acute illness. In terms of before the SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, individuals who were older, 3,17,21,24 female, 3,20 had higher BMI, 19 and had pre‐existing medical comorbidities such as obesity, diabetes, asthma, COPD, 7,17 cardiac diseases, 7,17,24 chronic liver disease, 24 and hypertension 7,17,25 had a significantly higher risk of long‐term sequelae at 2‐year after SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. During the acute illness phase, those who had higher neutrophil count, 16 C‐reactive protein, 16,18 erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and systemic immune‐inflammation index, 18 patients who suffered from severe COVID‐19 illness (admitted to the ICU or requiring mechanical ventilation), 3,19,24 and patients who had corticosteroid therapy 3 were at greater risk of long‐term sequelae.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In total, 18 451 titles were identified through database searches, of which 12 were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis (Figure 1 and Table 1). 3,7,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] A total of 1 289 044 patients were included in this analysis with the number of people assessed at follow-up ranging from 17 to 1 284 437. The median age of the cohorts ranged from 40 to 61 years.…”

Section: Study Identification and Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Time to follow-up ranged from 676 to 793 days. Studies included patients from USA (n = 2), 20,21 Australia (n = 1), 21 UK (n = 1), 21 Spain (n = 2), 7,21 Bulgaria (n = 1), 21 India (n = 1), 21 Malaysia (n = 1), 21 Taiwan (n = 1), 21 China (n = 8), 3,[16][17][18][19][23][24][25] and France (n = 1). 26 The rate of hospitalization of included patients varied from 2% to 100%.…”

Section: Study Identification and Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A systematic review and meta‐analysis of long‐term sequelae of COVID‐19 2‐year after SARS‐CoV‐2 infection: A call to action for neurological, physical, and psychological sciences

Rahmati

Udeh

Yon

et al. 2023

Journal of Medical Virology

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Long‐term sequelae conditions of COVID‐19 at least 2‐year following SARS‐CoV‐2 infection are unclear and little is known about their prevalence, longitudinal trajectory, and potential risk factors. Therefore, we conducted a comprehensive meta‐analysis of survivors' health‐related consequences and sequelae at 2‐year following SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. PubMed/MEDLINE, CENTRAL, and EMBASE were systematically searched up to February 10, 2023. A systematic review and meta‐analysis were performed to calculate the pooled effect size, expressed as event rate (ER) with corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) of each outcome. Twelve studies involving 1 289 044 participants from 11 countries were included. A total of 41.7% of COVID‐19 survivors experienced at least one unresolved symptom and 14.1% were unable to return to work at 2‐year after SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. The most frequent symptoms and investigated findings at 2‐year after SARS‐CoV‐2 infection were fatigue (27.4%; 95% CI 17%–40.9%), sleep difficulties (25.1%; 95% CI 22.4%–27.9%), impaired diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide (24.6%; 95% CI 10.8%–46.9%), hair loss (10.2%; 95% CI 7.3%–14.2%), and dyspnea (10.1%; 95% CI 4.3%–21.9%). Individuals with severe infection suffered more from anxiety (OR = 1.69, 95% CI 1.17–2.44) and had more impairments in forced vital capacity (OR = 9.70, 95% CI 1.94–48.41), total lung capacity (OR = 3.51, 95% CI 1.77–6.99), and residual volume (OR = 3.35, 95% CI 1.85–6.07) after recovery. Existing evidence suggest that participants with a higher risk of long‐term sequelae were older, mostly female, had pre‐existing medical comorbidities, with more severe status, underwent corticosteroid therapy, and higher inflammation at acute infection. Our findings suggest that 2‐year after recovery from SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, 41.7% of survivors still suffer from either neurological, physical, and psychological sequela. These findings indicate that there is an urgent need to preclude persistent or emerging long‐term sequelae and provide intervention strategies to reduce the risk of long COVID.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Identification and Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Identification and Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A systematic review and meta‐analysis of long‐term sequelae of COVID‐19 2‐year after SARS‐CoV‐2 infection: A call to action for neurological, physical, and psychological sciences

Rahmati

Udeh

Yon

et al. 2023

Journal of Medical Virology

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“…In both cohorts, fatigue, pain, and memory loss were the most frequent complaints. The fourth prospective cohort study, published by Millet et al, 23 involved as many as 173 adults from the United States who recovered from COVID -19 (91 needing hospitalization), and who were re -assessed 2 years afterward. Overall, 23% of these patients reported at least 1 persistent symptom, the most common of which was dyspnea, followed by fatigue, difficulty focusing / brain fog, memory loss, and anxiety.…”

Section: Impact Of Sars -Cov -2 Variantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 and its long-term sequelae: what do we know in 2023?

Lippi¹,

Sanchís-Gomar²,

Henry³

2023

Polish Archives of Internal Medicine

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vaccine -elicited, or both) or the virus attenuation, 3 the overall number of deaths and the mortality rate are also substantially underestimated. According to recent epidemiologic evidence from the WHO, the global number of COVID -19-related deaths may be up to 3 -fold higher than officially reported, 4 with ample variations in the volume of excess deaths worldwide (eg, the underestimation bias may even exceed 50% in certain South American regions). Likewise, a debate is fueling over the fact that the way COVID -19-related deaths are counted in some countries may not reflect the real scenario, with several million deaths missed by official statistics. 5 That said, and with the apparent preamble that pandemic numbers are largely biased and will continue to grow in the foreseeable future (COVID -19 seems now Current epidemiology of COVID -19 COVID -19 is a life -threatening infectious disease sustained by SARS -CoV -2, the virus first identified in the Chinese town of Wuhan in November 2019. Thereafter, it has spread rapidly worldwide, and the World Health Organization (WHO) has finally classified it as a pandemic disease in March 2020. 1 The accurate characterization of the ongoing COVID -19 epidemic is challenging for countless reasons. First, the number of official cases of SARS -CoV -2 infection is underestimated mainly because of under testing and under -reporting all around the world, making it impossible to provide accurate measures of its current frequency. 2 Then, although it is undeniable that the clinical severity of COVID -19 has considerably declined over time due to either immunity (natural,

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“…In another local study, a third of the participants who were COVID-19 survivors reported that their work performance was affected [10]. The impact on work and productivity may eventually lead to economic implications, especially since studies have reported that symptoms may continue to be present one to two years after COVID-19 diagnosis [12,[48][49][50].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Post COVID-19 condition among adults in Malaysia following the Omicron wave: A prospective cohort study

Tok,

Kang,

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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Post COVID-19 condition is an important public health problem as we emerge from the COVID-19 pandemic. In this prospective cohort study, we aimed to determine the prevalence of this condition and assess its associated factors and impact on health-related quality of life in a population setting in Malaysia. Study was conducted from April to June 2022 when the Omicron variant predominated. All individuals testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection (RT-PCR, RTK-Ag) were invited for participation. Study questionnaires were delivered via the MySejahtera platform (mobile application). From the total of 44,386 participants who provided responses up to 3-months interval, 1,510 participants (3.4%) fulfilled the post COVID-19 condition criteria. Majority of the affected participants (83.8%, n = 1,265) experienced either cough, fatigue or forgetfulness–the three most common symptoms. Being females, having existing comorbidities, presence of symptoms and requiring hospital admission during the acute illness were associated with higher likelihoods of developing the post COVID-19 condition at 3-months interval. Amongst the 1,510 individuals, one in five had limitations in performing their usual daily activities while at least one in three expressed that their work was affected. Understanding this condition better is essential to guide strategic and responsive plans of action, which may require coordinated multidisciplinary interventions.

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Symptoms persist in patients two years after COVID-19 infection: a prospective follow-up study

Cited by 5 publications

References 5 publications

A systematic review and meta‐analysis of long‐term sequelae of COVID‐19 2‐year after SARS‐CoV‐2 infection: A call to action for neurological, physical, and psychological sciences

A systematic review and meta‐analysis of long‐term sequelae of COVID‐19 2‐year after SARS‐CoV‐2 infection: A call to action for neurological, physical, and psychological sciences

COVID-19 and its long-term sequelae: what do we know in 2023?

Post COVID-19 condition among adults in Malaysia following the Omicron wave: A prospective cohort study

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