Symptoms of Depression in Patients With Type II Diabetes Mellitus

Leedom, Liane J.; Meehan, Woerner P.; Procci, Warren R.; Zeidler, Adina

doi:10.1016/s0033-3182(91)72066-5

Cited by 80 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…DM also has neurochemical effects on central nervous system neurotransmitters, such as serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine, mimicking what happens in MDD and leading to decreased function of monoamines [53]. The combination of these biological changes in both conditions helps explain the frequency of depressive symptoms and MDD in people with DM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Between Major Depression And Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-Analysis And Meta-Regression Of Observational Studies

et al. 2016

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The purpose of this review was to identify the prevalence of major depression in individuals with type 2 diabetes by means of a systematic review and meta-analysis. An electronic search was conducted for relevant studies published from January 1988 to December 2014. Cross-sectional and case-control studies in adults that evaluated the prevalence of major depression in individuals with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus were included. Meta-regression and sensitivity analyses were used to identify the sources of heterogeneity. Publication bias was assessed using a funnel plot and Egger's test. After the selection process, 18 cross-sectional and four case-control studies were included in the meta-analysis. In total, the occurrence of major depression was investigated in 5554 patients with diabetes mellitus type 2. The prevalence of major depression varied from 6.67% (95% CI: 4.54% -9.38%) to 55.38% (95% CI: 42.53% -67.73%), with an overall average of 21.13% (95% CI: 15.80% -27.66%). In American continent, the prevalence was 20.83% (95% CI: 13.12% -31.43%; I²=96.8%), and in Europe it was 18.00% (95% CI: 8.58% -33.91%; I²=93.8%). Both were lower than the rate in Asia, which was 23.49% (95% CI: 15.63% -33.74%; I²=90.8%). Meta-regression analysis found no evidence that the analyzed cofactors represented the cause of the heterogeneity seen. The approximately symmetrical distribution of the points in Funnel Plot suggests an absence of publication bias that was confirmed by Egger's test (p=0.2345). Based on the data collected, we can infer that the prevalence of major depression in individuals with type 2 diabetes was high, independent of geographic location.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Between Major Depression And Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-Analysis And Meta-Regression Of Observational Studies

et al. 2016

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“…In these studies, depression prevalence was equal to the percentage of subjects with scale scores above a specified threshold value. The threshold score used to identify a depression case varied somewhat across studies (e.g., BDI score Ն10 in some studies [25][26][27] and Ն13 [28] or Ն16 [29] in others). This variance is to be expected, since the threshold score used to identify depression is to some extent dependent on the importance placed on depression recognition and the resources available for this purpose within a particular clinical setting (30,31).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Prevalence of Comorbid Depression in Adults With Diabetes

Anderson¹,

Freedland²,

et al. 2001

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OBJECTIVE -To estimate the odds and prevalence of clinically relevant depression in adults with type 1 or type 2 diabetes. Depression is associated with hyperglycemia and an increased risk for diabetic complications; relief of depression is associated with improved glycemic control. A more accurate estimate of depression prevalence than what is currently available is needed to gauge the potential impact of depression management in diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS -MEDLINE and PsycINFO databases andpublished references were used to identify studies that reported the prevalence of depression in diabetes. Prevalence was calculated as an aggregate mean weighted by the combined number of subjects in the included studies. We used 2 statistics and odds ratios (ORs) to assess the rate and likelihood of depression as a function of type of diabetes, sex, subject source, depression assessment method, and study design.RESULTS -A total of 42 eligible studies were identified; 20 (48%) included a nondiabetic comparison group. In the controlled studies, the odds of depression in the diabetic group were twice that of the nondiabetic comparison group (OR ϭ 2.0, 95% CI 1.8 -2.2) and did not differ by sex, type of diabetes, subject source, or assessment method. The prevalence of comorbid depression was significantly higher in diabetic women (28%) than in diabetic men (18%), in uncontrolled (30%) than in controlled studies (21%), in clinical (32%) than in community (20%) samples, and when assessed by self-report questionnaires (31%) than by standardized diagnostic interviews (11%).CONCLUSIONS -The presence of diabetes doubles the odds of comorbid depression. Prevalence estimates are affected by several clinical and methodological variables that do not affect the stability of the ORs.

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“…Several studies of diabetic patients have linked depression to poor glucose control, higher glycosylated hemoglobin values, increased reporting of both hyperglycemic and hypoglycemic symptoms, and increased rates of complications. [16][17][18][19][20] The presence of a general medical illness may also adversely affect the course of depressive disorders. Depressed diabetic patients were found to have 8 times the rate of depression relapse of depressed persons who were physically healthy.…”

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confidence: 99%