Symptoms of anxiety or depression and risk of fracture in older people: the Hertfordshire Cohort Study

Gale, Catharine R.; Dennison, Elaine; Edwards, Mark H.; Sayer, Avan Aihie; Cooper, Cyrus

doi:10.1007/s11657-012-0080-5

Cited by 15 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(43 reference statements)

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“…Based on these scores no subjects suffered from depression while 11 had elevated levels of anxiety, although none were classified as actually having anxiety (scores > 10; Gale et al . ). Self‐reported physical and mental health were not associated with age in men while a moderate decline in self‐reported physical health was apparent in women.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Scores ࣘ 8 on the anxiety and depression component of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale suggest individuals do not suffer from anxiety or depression. Based on these scores no subjects suffered from depression while 11 had elevated levels of anxiety, although none were classified as actually having anxiety (scores > 10; Gale et al 2012). Self-reported physical and mental health were not associated with age in men while a moderate decline in self-reported physical health was apparent in women.…”

Section: Neuromuscular Functionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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An investigation into the relationship between age and physiological function in highly active older adults

Pollock

Carter

Velloso

et al. 2015

The Journal of Physiology

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Key Pointsr The relationship between age and physiological function remains poorly defined and there are no physiological markers that can be used to reliably predict the age of an individual.r This could be due to a variety of confounding genetic and lifestyle factors, and in particular to ill-defined and low levels of physical activity.r This study assessed the relationship between age and a diverse range of physiological functions in a cohort of highly active older individuals (cyclists) aged 55-79 years in whom the effects of lifestyle factors would be ameliorated.r Significant associations between age and function were observed for many functions.V O 2 max was most closely associated with age, but even here the variance in age for any given level was high, precluding the clear identification of the age of any individual.r The data suggest that the relationship between human ageing and physiological function is highly individualistic and modified by inactivity.Abstract Despite extensive research, the relationship between age and physiological function remains poorly characterised and there are currently no reliable markers of human ageing. This is probably due to a number of confounding factors, particularly in studies of a cross-sectional nature. These include inter-subject genetic variation, as well as inter-generational differences in nutrition, healthcare and insufficient levels of physical activity as well as other environmental factors. We have studied a cohort of highly and homogeneously active older male (n = 84) and female (n = 41) cyclists aged 55-79 years who it is proposed represent a model for the study of human ageing free from the majority of confounding factors, especially inactivity. The aim of the study was to identify physiological markers of ageing by assessing the relationship between function and age across a wide range of indices. Each participant underwent a detailed physiological profiling which included measures of cardiovascular, respiratory, neuromuscular, metabolic, endocrine and cognitive functions, bone strength, and health and well-being. Significant associations between age and function were observed for many functions. The maximal rate of oxygen consumption (V O 2 max ) showed the closest association with age (r = −0.443 to −0.664; P < 0.001), but even here the variance in age for any given level was high, precluding the clear identification of the age of any individual. The results of this cross-sectional study suggest that even when many confounding variables are removed the relationship between function and healthy ageing is complex and likely to be highly individualistic and that physical activity levels must be taken into account in ageing studies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Neuromuscular Functionmentioning

confidence: 95%

An investigation into the relationship between age and physiological function in highly active older adults

Pollock

Carter

Velloso

et al. 2015

The Journal of Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Mood disorders, such as depression and anxiety, are closely related with bone metabolism abnormalities (1)(2)(3) and can lead to low bone mass and increased risk of fracture (4,5). Another well-established cause of bone loss is microgravity during spaceflight (6); however, decreased bone formations in astronauts occurred (7,8) or progressively deteriorated (9) under normal gravity following space missions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of a Central Neural Circuit that Regulates Anxiety-induced Bone Loss

Yang

Liu

Chen

et al. 2019

Preprint

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# These authors contributed equally to this work. One Sentence Summary: Identification of a new GABAergic neural circuit from forebrain to hypothalamus used for regulation of anxiety-induced bone loss. Abstract:The homeostasis of bone metabolism is finely regulated by the central nervous system and recent studies have suggested that mood disorders, such as anxiety, are closely related to bone metabolic abnormalities; however, our understanding of central neural circuits regulating bone metabolism is still largely limited. In this study, we first demonstrate that confined isolation of human participants under normal gravity resulted in decreased bone density and elevated anxiety levels. We then used an established mouse model to dissect the neural circuitry regulating anxiety-induced bone loss. Combining electrophysiological, optogenetic and chemogenetic approaches, we demonstrate that GABAergic neural circuitry in ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) modulates anxiety-induced bone loss; importantly, the GABAergic input in VMHdm arose from a specific group of somatostatin neurons in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST), which is both indispensable for anxiety-induced bone loss and able to trigger bone loss in the absence of stressors. VGLUT2 neurons in Nucleus tractus solitaries (NTS) and peripheral sympathetic system were employed by this BNST-VMH neural circuit to regulate anxiety-induced bone loss. Overall, we uncovered new GABAergic neural circuitry from the forebrain to hypothalamus, used in the regulation of anxiety-induced bone loss, and revealed a population of somatostatin neurons in BNST not previously implicated in bone mass regulation.These findings thus identify the underlying central neural mechanism of psychiatric disorders, such as anxiety, that influences bone metabolism at the circuit level.

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“…Depression adversely impacts working life, leading to a greater likelihood of absenteeism, productivity loss, higher disability and unemployment [1,2]. Studies investigating the association between depression and injuries have mainly focused on either depression with unintentional injuries among the elderly in a given community or people in rural areas [3][4][5], or psychotropic medication use and the risk of injury among a community sample or hospital patients [6][7][8][9]. A few studies examined the relationship between depressive symptoms or psychosocial job stress and workplace injury [10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, it is not yet clear whether the major causative factor is depression itself or the use of medication, or whether these factors are mediated through third factors such as drinking or smoking. Most study samples were limited to a group of elderly or patients in hospitals [3,6,9,14,15], their results cannot be generalized in working population. In addition, their cross-sectional study design prohibited investigators from addressing temporality [8,10,14,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depressive Symptoms and Risk of Occupational and Non-occupational Injury in the US Working Population

2015

Occup Med Health Aff

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The purpose of this study was to examine the association between depressive symptoms and the subsequent incidence of injury by its work-relatedness in the US working population. This study analysed pooled panel data from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) for 31,138 workers, aged 18 to 64 years, during the years 2000-06. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the EuroQoL (EQ-5D), a general mental distress scale (K-6) and Patients Health Questionnaire 2 item depression screener (PHQ-2). Injuries were identified from the medical conditions captured in personal interviews and coded using the ICD-9 by coders trained in the MEPS. A discrete time proportional odds model was used to calculate the relative risks. A total of 7.9% of workers had depressive symptoms at the baseline. Among workers with depressive symptoms at baseline, 13.1% reported a nonoccupational injury, 6.2% reported an occupational injury during follow-up. Workers with depressive symptoms are at an increased, but a similar risk of both occupational and non-occupational injury. For workers treated with antidepressants, the analysis did not reveal a different pattern of association with either type of injury occurrence. This association between depressive symptoms and injury diminished over time. Earlier intervention for workers with depressive symptoms in the workplace could be beneficial for preventing injuries.

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Symptoms of anxiety or depression and risk of fracture in older people: the Hertfordshire Cohort Study

Abstract: Background-Use of psychotropic drugs has been linked with an increased risk of fracture in older people, but there are indications that the conditions for which these drugs were prescribed may themselves influence fracture risk.

Cited by 15 publications

References 37 publications

An investigation into the relationship between age and physiological function in highly active older adults

An investigation into the relationship between age and physiological function in highly active older adults

Identification of a Central Neural Circuit that Regulates Anxiety-induced Bone Loss

Depressive Symptoms and Risk of Occupational and Non-occupational Injury in the US Working Population

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