Symptoms, course of Illness, and comorbidity as predictors of expressed emotion in bipolar disorder

Lex, Claudia; Hautzinger, Martin; Meyer, Thomas D.

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2019.03.049

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…When the findings of the present study are compared with the existing literature, studies that have used these scales among the patients with BD, findings are comparable and suggest that patients with BD face high level of EE (Coville et al, 2017; Lex et al, 2019; Yadav et al, 2018). However, an important aspect to note is that in the present study the mean weighted scores were highest for the domain of warmth, followed by emotional involvement and least for perceived criticism on the BDSEE.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

“…The factors that predicted the patient-rated FAS included the number of previous mood episodes, current self-rated manic symptoms and comorbid symptoms of Cluster C personality disorder. Relative-rated FAS was predicted by comorbid symptoms of Cluster A personality disorder (Lex et al, 2019). However, some of the studies suggest lack of association of high EEs with current illness severity and functioning (Coville et al, 2017) and clinical variables while patients are in full remission (Lex et al, 2019) and any of the patient characteristics (Yadav et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Relative-rated FAS was predicted by comorbid symptoms of Cluster A personality disorder (Lex et al, 2019). However, some of the studies suggest lack of association of high EEs with current illness severity and functioning (Coville et al, 2017) and clinical variables while patients are in full remission (Lex et al, 2019) and any of the patient characteristics (Yadav et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Correlates of expressed emotions as perceived by patients with bipolar disorder

Sharma

Nehra

Grover

2020

Int J Soc Psychiatry

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Aim: To evaluate expressed emotions (EEs) as perceived by the patients and its correlates among patients with bipolar disorder (BD). Methodology: One hundred patients diagnosed with BD were assessed on the Perceived Criticism Measure (PCM), Family emotional involvement and criticism scale (FEICS), Brief dyadic scale for expressed emotions (BDSEE) and Vulnerability for abuse screening scale (VASS) to assess EE and possible abuse by the caregivers. Caregivers were evaluated on family burden interview schedule and family coping questionnaire. Results: Longer duration of illness (Pearson’s correlation coefficient: −0.335; p = .001***) and longer duration of treatment (Pearson’s correlation coefficient: −0.317; p = .001***) were associated with significantly lower perceived criticism as assessed by FEICS. Higher use of coping mechanisms such as coercion, avoidance and resignation by caregivers were associated with the higher perception of EE, whereas the use of coping mechanisms such as information seeking, communication, and social involvement by the caregivers was associated with the perception of lower EE among the patients. Higher caregiver burden was associated with a higher perception of the EE by the patients. Higher perception of abuse by the patients was associated with higher EE. Conclusions: Present study suggests that higher use of maladaptive coping, caregiver burden, and abuse has a significant impact on the EE. Accordingly, psychosocial interventions need to focus on caregivers to reduce EE.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Correlates of expressed emotions as perceived by patients with bipolar disorder

Sharma

Nehra

Grover

2020

Int J Soc Psychiatry

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“…The inconsistencies were discussed and finally removed. To our knowledge, the German FAS has not been formally validated, but we published high internal consistencies for the FAS-P (Cronbach's α = 0.94) and for the FAS-R Cronbach's α = 0.95; Lex et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Although there is no recommended cutoff, higher scores reflect higher levels of criticism and a score above 6 raises concern about an increased relapse risk ( Masland & Hooley, 2015 ). Information about correlates of the German PCM scale can be found in Lex et al (2019) .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceived criticism and family attitudes as predictors of recurrence in bipolar disorder

Lex

Hautzinger

Meyer³

2022

Clin. Psychol. Eur.

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Background Bipolar disorder (BD) is a highly recurrent psychiatric condition. While combined pharmacological and psychosocial treatments improve outcomes, not much is known about potential moderators that could affect these treatments. One potential moderator might be the quality of interpersonal relations in families, for example, familial attitudes and perceived criticism. Method To explore this question we conducted a post-hoc analysis that used an existing data set from a previous study by our group that compared cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and supporting therapy (ST) in remitted BD. In the present study, we used Cox proportional hazard models. Results We found that the relatives’ ratings of criticism predicted the likelihood of depressive recurrences, especially in the ST condition. The patients’ ratings of negative familial attitudes predicted the risk of recurrences in general, irrespective of the therapy condition. Conclusion These results suggest that it might be important to assess perceived criticism and familial attitudes as potential moderators of treatment outcome in BD.

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