Symptomic Mimicry Between SARS-CoV-2 and the Common Cold Complex

Tureček, Petr; Kleisner, Karel

doi:10.1007/s12304-021-09472-6

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…[4] Some authors have emphasized that symptoms associated with omicron diff er from 'traditional' COVID-19 symptoms, more closely resembling those of the common cold. [5] One major COVID-19 symptom is rare in omicron patients: loss of taste and smell. [6,7] Some research suggests that 48% of people carrying the original mutation of the novel coronavirus lost smell, and 41% had a loss of taste; these numbers decreased to 23% for loss of taste and 12% for loss of smell among omicron-infected patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Shift in SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant’s Entry Pathway Might Explain Different Clinical Outcomes

2022

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Globally, SARS CoV-2 omicron variant has led to a notable increase of COVID-19 diagnoses, although with less severe clinical manifestations and decreased hospitalizations. The omicron wave swelled faster than previous waves, completely displacing the delta variant within weeks, and creating worldwide concern about fi nal, successful pandemic control. Some authors contend that symptoms associated to omicron diff er from 'traditional' symptoms and more closely resemble those of the common cold.One major COVID-19 symptom frequent with other variantsloss of taste and smell-is rarely present with omicron. This may be of interest, since it has also been suggested that direct SARS-CoV-2 invasion into the brainstem through the olfactory nerves by transsynaptic pathways could provide one explanation for the acute respiratory distress syndrome refractory to treatment. Brainstem infection by SARS-CoV-2 can severely damage the respiratory center, triggering functional deviations that aff ect involuntary respiration, leading to acute respiratory distress syndrome refractory to treatment, the main cause of death in COVID-19 patients. A shift in the omicron SARS-CoV-2 entry pathway from cell-surface fusion, triggered by TMPRSS2, to cathepsin-dependent fusion within the endosome, may aff ect transmission, cellular tropism and pathogenesis. Therefore, we can hypothesize that this entrance modifi cation may impact transmission from the olfactory nerve to the brainstem through transsynaptic pathways. A decrement of the virus's direct invasion into the brainstem could diminish respiratory center dysfunction, reducing acute respiratory distress syndrome and the need for mechanical ventilation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Shift in SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant’s Entry Pathway Might Explain Different Clinical Outcomes

2022

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“…1 Comparing deaths to discharges 2 Variables with frequency= 0 were not included in UVA. 3 Selected variables with UVA P-value <0.05 were included in MVA; MVA adjusted for age group, neurological comorbidities, non-neurological comorbidities, CNS presentations, PNS presentations, NMS presentations, disease severity; using multinomial logistic regression model. 4 Reference category for UVA and MVA within this group variable; all other variables were dichotomous (Presence versus Absence); Absence= reference category, Presence= tabulated OR (95% CI).…”

Section: Clinical Findings According To Outcomementioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 Variables with frequency= 0 were not included in UVA. 3 Selected variables with UVA P-value <0.05 were included in MVA; MVA adjusted for age group, neurological comorbidities, non-neurological comorbidities, CNS presentations, PNS presentations, NMS presentations, disease severity; using multinomial logistic regression model. 4 Patients were not mutually exclusive within this variable.…”

Section: No (%) No (%) or (95% Ci) Or (95% Ci)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV were responsible for previous epidemics and global health concerns. 3 The nervous system has been established as a vulnerable tissue target to HCoVs. 4 Various models of neuropathogenicity have attempted to explain why SARS-CoV-2, the highly pathogenic causative agent of COVID-19, has a profound affinity towards neural tissue.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In-Hospital predictors of severity and mortality among neuro-covid patients: a covid-19 retrospectivecase control study

Abdelaziz¹,

Waffa²

2022

JNSK

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Background: Global studies have exemplified that COVID-19 has neurological manifestations. This study gives an insight to the impact of COVID-19 on the nervous system in Alexandria, Egypt and identifies in-hospital predictors of severity and mortality among Neuro-COVID patients. Methods: This single centre, retrospective case-control study was conducted from August 1st, 2020 to January 31st, 2021, on patients admitted at the COVID-19 Isolation Hospital in Alexandria University, Egypt. A Neuro-COVID patient was defined as any patient with confirmed COVID-19 disease and evidence of one or more new onset nervous system clinical presentation. Results: Out of 1073 in-patients, 352 were Neuro-COVID patients (183 [52%] females and 169 [48%] males). The mean age was 36.64 ± 18.97 years and 161 (45.7%) had comorbidities. Most common involvement was neuromusculoskeletal system (240 [68.2%]), followed by central nervoussystem (164 [46.6%]) and peripheral nervous system (125 [35.5%]), whereas, psychiatric disorders (4 [1.1%]) were the least common. Myalgia (215 [61.1%]); anosmia (118 [33.5%]); headache (100 [28.4%]); ageusia (80 [22.7%]); altered level of consciousness (56 [15.9%]); arthralgia (43 [12.2%]) and dizziness (12 [3.4%]) were predominant presentations. Female Neuro-COVID patients were twice as more likely to be critical than moderate (P =0.030). Critical cases with nervous system presentations manifested 12 times higher risk of death when compared to severe cases (P <0.001). Conclusions: Nervous system involvement was predominant and clinically significant in COVID-19. Disease severity was identified as an independent predictor of mortality in hospitalised Neuro-COVID patients.

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“…The omicron wave has swelled faster than previous waves, completely displacing the delta variant within weeks and creating new worldwide concerns about the ability to achieve final pandemic control. 13,14 The symptoms associated with Omicron differ from "traditional" COVID-19 symptoms, more closely resembling those of the common cold. 15 One major COVID-19 symptom is rare in omicron patients: loss of taste and smell.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

It is necessary to assess olfactory and gustatory function in post covid‐19 patients, due to the omicron variant infection

Machado

Gugierrez‐Gil

González‐Quevedo

2023

Int Forum Allergy Rhinol

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To the Editor:Boscolo-Rizzo et al. 1 concluded that although a proportion of patients recovered from enduring smell/taste dysfunction more than 1 year after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), some cases still showed a noteworthy remaining olfactory dysfunction 2 years after severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection compared to matched normal subjects.Initial reports stated that the most frequent symptoms of COVID-19 infection were fever, cough, dyspnea, and myalgia or fatigue. 2,3 Several authors later described an association between COVID-19 and altered olfactory and taste functions. [4][5][6][7][8] SARS-CoV-2 enters the nasal and mouth tissues through the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which is copious in the nose. By entering the nose and mouth through this protein, it may cause temporary damage to the smell and taste nerves. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] New variants of SARS-CoV-2 began to circulate due to virus mutations. The Omicron variant emerged in November 2021, although new lineages continue to spread globally. The SARS-CoV-2 omicron variant has significantly increased COVID-19 diagnoses with less severe clinical manifestations and decreased hospitalizations. The omicron wave has swelled faster than previous waves, completely displacing the delta variant within weeks and creating new worldwide concerns about the ability to achieve final pandemic control. 13,14 The symptoms associated with Omicron differ from "traditional" COVID-19 symptoms, more closely resembling those of the common cold. 15 One major COVID-19 symptom is rare in omicron patients: loss of taste and smell. 16,17 Some research suggested that 48% of people carrying the original mutation of the novel coronavirus lost smell, and 41% had a loss of taste; these numbers decreased to 23% for loss of taste and 12% for loss of smell among omicron-infected patients. 18 Consequently, many people may not realize they have contracted COVID-19 because fewer experience cough, fever, or loss of taste or smell. A virus in the higher respiratory tract is associated with increased transmissibility but with less severe disease, exhibiting similarities with flu strains. 19

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Symptomic Mimicry Between SARS-CoV-2 and the Common Cold Complex

Cited by 4 publications

References 16 publications

A Shift in SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant’s Entry Pathway Might Explain Different Clinical Outcomes

A Shift in SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant’s Entry Pathway Might Explain Different Clinical Outcomes

In-Hospital predictors of severity and mortality among neuro-covid patients: a covid-19 retrospectivecase control study

It is necessary to assess olfactory and gustatory function in post covid‐19 patients, due to the omicron variant infection

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