Symptomatic heterotopic gastric mucosa in the upper oesophagus

Abstract

The presence of heterotopic gastric mucosa in the upper oesophagus has been reported to occur in up to 10 percent of individuals but it is usually asymptomatic. We present two pateints with symptomatic oesophageal heterotopic gastric mucosa and discuss the aetiology, pathogenesis, and management of the condition.

Frequency, histopathological findings, and clinical significance of cervical heterotopic gastric mucosa (gastric inlet patch): a prospective study in 300 patients

“…There are only case reports on a successful use of proton‐pump inhibitors for patients with a history of foreign body sensation in the upper esophagus or nausea and the presence of heteropic gastric mucosa in this region 25,26 . However, the symptoms did not recur after ending medical therapy.…”

Inlet Patch: Heterotopic Gastric Mucosa. Another Contributor to Supraesophageal Symptoms?

“…7,18 Presence of gastric heterotopic mucosa in the upper esophagus is thought to represent a remnant of gastric mucosa left behind during the descent of the stomach in the first 2 months of embryologic development. 6,18,19 Another hypothesis is that IP is an acquired lesion with pathogenesis similar to that of Barrett's mucosa in the distal esophagus. 8 Heterotopic gastric mucosa has been described throughout the gastrointestinal tract, including the tongue, floor of the mouth, submandibular gland, small intestine, pancreas, gallbladder, and Meckel's diverticulum.…”

What’s new in the pathology, pathophysiology and management of benign esophageal disorders?

“…Barrett’s esophagus is generally regarded as occurring secondary to severe GERD, 276 , 277 although several authors do report the finding of heterotopic mucosa in the upper esophagus 278 , 279 which may secrete acid 186 . Fitzgerald et al 280 postulate that the Na + /H + exchanger may mediate the hyperproliferative response of Barrett’s esophagus to an acid pulse via changes in intracellular pH.…”