Sympatric Occurrence of Two Species of the Two-Lined Salamander (<i>Eurycea bislineata</i>) Complex

Camp, Carlos D.; Marshall, Jeremy L.; Landau, Keli R.; Austin, Richard M.; Tilley, Stephen G.

doi:10.1643/0045-8511(2000)000[0572:sootso]2.0.co;2

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The distributions of lineages A, B, D, E, L, and M are broadly congruent with geographic limits of cryptic, allozyme‐based genetic groupings (Jacobs 1987), supporting the hypothesis that these haplotype clades diagnose cryptic, independent evolutionary lineages. Moreover, a combination of genetic, ecological, and sexual‐isolation analyses across contact zones between lineages L and M (Camp et al . 2000; Kozak & Montanucci 2001; Kozak 2003) and B and D (Guttman & Karlin 1986) provide independent evidence for a lack of genetic and/or ecological exchangeability (Templeton 2001) between these deeply divergent, parapatric haplotype clades.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene lineages and eastern North American palaeodrainage basins: phylogeography and speciation in salamanders of the Eurycea bislineata species complex

2005

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Contemporary North American drainage basins are composites of formerly isolated drainages, suggesting that fragmentation and fusion of palaeodrainage systems may have been an important factor generating current patterns of genetic and species diversity in stream-associated organisms. Here, we combine traditional molecular-phylogenetic, multiple-regression, nested clade, and molecular-demographic analyses to investigate the relationship between phylogeographic variation and the hydrogeological history of eastern North American drainage basins in semiaquatic plethodontid salamanders of the Eurycea bislineata species complex. Four hundred forty-two sequences representing 1108 aligned bases from the mitochondrial genome are reported for the five formally recognized species of the E. bislineata complex and three outgroup taxa. Within the in-group, 270 haplotypes are recovered from 144 sampling locations. Geographic patterns of mtDNA-haplotype coalescence identify 13 putatively independent population-level lineages, suggesting that the current taxonomy of the group underestimates species-level diversity. Spatial and temporal patterns of phylogeographic divergence are strongly associated with historical rather than modern drainage connections, indicating that shifts in major drainage patterns played a pivotal role in the allopatric fragmentation of populations and build-up of lineage diversity in these stream-associated salamanders. More generally, our molecular genetic results corroborate geological and faunistic evidence suggesting that palaeodrainage connections altered by glacial advances and headwater erosion occurring between the mid-Miocene and Pleistocene epochs explain regional patterns of biodiversity in eastern North American streams.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene lineages and eastern North American palaeodrainage basins: phylogeography and speciation in salamanders of the Eurycea bislineata species complex

2005

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“…On the other hand, there are several cases in which cryptic species live sympatrically, either in narrow zones of overlap between parapatric neighbors (e.g., E. cirrigera and E. wilderae, Camp et al, 2000) or in widespread sympatry. In the latter case, minute differences in behavior (e.g., P. glutinosus and P. kentucki; Marvin, 1998) and/or ecology (D. quadramaculatus and D. folkertsi; Camp et al, 2013b) are often sufficient to allow otherwise exceedingly similar species to coexist.…”

Section: Ecology and Species Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hidden in Plain Sight: Cryptic Diversity in the Plethodontidae

Camp

Wooten

2016

Copeia

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Although knowledge of the existence of cryptic species dates back hundreds of years, the true extent of cryptic diversity was not discernible until the development of modern molecular techniques. Both homoplasy and morphological conservatism-patterns which result in cryptic taxa-are rampant within the Plethodontidae, the largest salamander family and a taxon rich in cryptic lineages. The first cryptic species of plethodontid, Plethodon websteri, was described in 1979, and the discovery of new cryptic lineages has now become commonplace. Their taxonomic recognition, however, has been controversial, not a surprising result given the differences in methodology-or in the idea of what defines a species-that exist among researchers. Two radiations pinpoint the variation in forces that may drive speciation and the development of cryptic lineages. The Plethodon glutinosus complex represents a non-adaptive radiation characterized by largely parapatric, niche-conserved species. The Desmognathus quadramaculatus complex, on the other hand, is comprised of lineages that have repeatedly evolved the same homoplastic body form that is strongly correlated with niche specialization. Although many cryptic plethodontids exist parapatrically or allopatrically, several occur sympatrically, partitioning niche space more finely than previously imagined. Investigations into the biology of cryptic species should be fruitful in answering questions in both ecology and evolutionary biology and have ramifications for the understanding and conservation of biodiversity.

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“…Príor to preservation, each specimen was scored for tail-fin color using a method modified after Camp et al (2000). A color gradient was created from paint swatches purchased from Lowe's Home Improvement ranging from red through brown to dark green.…”

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confidence: 99%

Morphological differentiation between the larval forms of two cryptic species of dusky salamander (Desmognathus)

2014

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Desmognathus quadramaculatus and D. folkertsi are cryptic salamander species that occur sympatrically across the entire range of the latter species. However, the larval form of D. folkertsi has never been formally described, and studies of salamander larval communities within its range require the ability to distinguish it from its cryptic relative. We conducted morphometric analyses in order to compare the larval forms of these two species living in allopatry and searched for characters that may be useful in distinguishing them in the field. Larvae of D. quadramaculatus had a larger average body size than D. folkertsi, and larger specimens of the former species had redder tail fins. MANCOVA indicated significant differences in a suite of 22 morphological characters between the two species. Additional principal component analysis (PCA) and discriminant function analysis (DFA) indicated strong separation of factor and discriminant scores, respectively. Besides body size and tail-fin color, the best potential field character appears to be the forelimb length (FLL)/snout-vent length (SVL) ratio with larvae of D. quadramaculatus having a ratio above 0.2 and those of D. folkertsi having a lower ratio. However, these differences need to be confirmed in sympatry before they can be completely relied upon as useful field characters.

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Sympatric Occurrence of Two Species of the Two-Lined Salamander (Eurycea bislineata) Complex

Cited by 13 publications

References 9 publications

Gene lineages and eastern North American palaeodrainage basins: phylogeography and speciation in salamanders of the Eurycea bislineata species complex

Gene lineages and eastern North American palaeodrainage basins: phylogeography and speciation in salamanders of the Eurycea bislineata species complex

Hidden in Plain Sight: Cryptic Diversity in the Plethodontidae

Morphological differentiation between the larval forms of two cryptic species of dusky salamander (Desmognathus)

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