Sympathoneural and Adrenomedullary Responses to Mental Stress

Carter, Jason R.; Goldstein, David S.

doi:10.1002/cphy.c140030

Cited by 62 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 294 publications

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“…Numerous cross-sectional and longitudinal studies have been conducted to explore the associations between cardiovascular reactivity to acute mental stress and hypertension (7,24,41,46). A recent meta-analysis by Chida and Steptoe (11) showed that greater BP reactivity to acute laboratory mental stress was longitudinally associated with several adverse cardiovascular outcomes, including hypertension.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, MSNA responsiveness to mental stress can be widely variable in humans (7). Second, although early evidence suggested that self-perceptions of stress might explain the large interindividual variability associated with MSNA reactivity to mental stress (4), more recent studies have challenged this paradigm (6,9).…”

Section: Subjects With a Family History Of Hypertension (Fhh) Demonstmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent review highlights the lack of test-retest studies establishing within-subject reproducibility, despite a total of 55 publications on MSNA reactivity to mental stress over the past Ͼ40 years (7). Given the large interindividual variability of MSNA responsiveness to mental stress (7) and the recent calls for increased scientific rigor and reproducibility (12), we conducted a traditional test-retest study and reported significant reproducibility of MSNA responses to mental stress, as well as cold pressor test, within a single laboratory visit and across laboratory visits separated by ϳ1 mo (15).…”

Section: Subjects With a Family History Of Hypertension (Fhh) Demonstmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sympathetic neural reactivity to mental stress in offspring of hypertensive parents: 20 years revisited

Fonkoue

Wang

Carter

2016

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

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Fonkoue IT, Wang M, Carter JR. Sympathetic neural reactivity to mental stress in offspring of hypertensive parents: 20 years revisited. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 311: H426 -H432, 2016. First published July 1, 2016; doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00378.2016.-A number of recent studies have highlighted large interindividual variability of muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) responsiveness to mental stress in humans. The purpose of this study was to examine blood pressure (BP) and MSNA responsiveness to mental stress in a large and generalizable cohort of young adults with and without family history of hypertension (FHH). We hypothesized that subjects with FHH would demonstrate greater sympathoexcitation to mental stress than subjects without FHH. A total of 87 subjects (55 men and 32 women, 18 -40 yr of age) from recently published (n ϭ 45) and ongoing (n ϭ 42) studies were examined; 57 subjects (19 with FHH and 38 without FHH) had complete MSNA recordings at baseline. Heart rate (HR), BP, and MSNA were recorded during 5 min of supine rest and 5 min of mental stress (mental arithmetic). Resting MSNA and HR were not statistically different between subjects with and without FHH (P Ͼ 0.05), whereas resting mean arterial pressure was higher in subjects with FHH (86 Ϯ 2 vs. 80 Ϯ 1 mmHg, P Ͻ 0.05). Mental stress increased MSNA in subjects with FHH (⌬5 Ϯ 1 bursts/min), but not in subjects without FHH [⌬1 Ϯ 1 burst/min, P Ͻ 0.01 (time ϫ group)]. Mental stress increased mean arterial pressure (⌬12 Ϯ 1 and ⌬10 Ϯ 1 mmHg, P Ͻ 0.001) and HR (⌬19 Ϯ 2 and ⌬16 Ϯ 2 beats/min, P Ͻ 0.001) in subjects with and without FHH, but these increases were not different between groups [P Ն 0.05 (time ϫ group)]. MSNA and BP reactivity to mental stress were not correlated in either group. In conclusion, FHH was associated with heightened MSNA reactivity to mental stress, despite a dissociation between MSNA and BP responsiveness.family history of hypertension; muscle sympathetic nerve activity; blood pressure; cardiovascular reactivity hypothesis NEW AND NOTEWORTHY Subjects with a family history of hypertension (FHH) demon

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Subjects With a Family History Of Hypertension (Fhh) Demonstmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Subjects With a Family History Of Hypertension (Fhh) Demonstmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Sympathetic neural reactivity to mental stress in offspring of hypertensive parents: 20 years revisited

Fonkoue

Wang

Carter

2016

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

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“…Since this early work, a number of studies have been published that support the idea that MSNA responsiveness to mental stress is subject to inter‐individual variability (Carter & Ray, ; Fonkoue & Carter, ; Donadio et al . ), as highlighted by Carter & Goldstein () in their recent review. Carter & Ray () reported that when individuals were divided into groups according to their MSNA burst frequency response to mental stress (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Rate of rise in diastolic blood pressure influences vascular sympathetic response to mental stress

Sayed

Macefield

Hissen

et al. 2016

The Journal of Physiology

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Research indicates that individuals may experience a rise (positive responders) or fall (negative responders) in muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) during mental stress. The aim was to examine the early blood pressure response to stress in positive and negative responders and thus its influence on the direction of change in MSNA. Blood pressure and MSNA were recorded continuously in 21 healthy young males during 2 min mental stressors (mental arithmetic, Stroop test) and physical stressors (cold pressor, handgrip exercise, post-exercise ischaemia). Participants were classified as negative or positive responders according to the direction of the mean change in MSNA during the stressor tasks. The peak changes, time of peak and rate of changes in blood pressure were compared between groups. During mental arithmetic negative responders experienced a significantly greater rate of rise in diastolic blood pressure in the first minute of the task (1.3 ± 0.5 mmHg s ) compared with positive responders (0.4 ± 0.1 mmHg s ; P = 0.03). Similar results were found for the Stroop test. Physical tasks elicited robust parallel increases in blood pressure and MSNA across participants. It is concluded that negative MSNA responders to mental stress exhibit a more rapid rise in diastolic pressure at the onset of the stressor, suggesting a baroreflex-mediated suppression of MSNA. In positive responders there is a more sluggish rise in blood pressure during mental stress, which appears to be MSNA-driven. This study suggests that whether MSNA has a role in the pressor response is dependent upon the reactivity of blood pressure early in the task.

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“…However, previous studies have shown that greater chronic and acute psychological stress are also associated with heightened systemic inflammation (Rohleder et al, 2014) and affect the ANS (Carter and Goldstein, 2015; Nater et al, 2013). Cardiovascular reactions to laboratory stressors have been found to be consistent within an individual over time (Debski et al, 1993; Kamarck et al, 1992), raising the possibility that these responses may influence chronic inflammation.…”

Section: 0 Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Psychophysiological correlates of systemic inflammation in black and white men

Lockwood

Jennings

Matthews

2017

Brain, Behavior, and Immunity

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Inflammation plays a critical role in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and levels of circulating inflammatory markers are associated with future CVD risk. However, the physiological mechanisms that control systemic levels of circulating inflammatory markers are not well understood. Here, we explore possible autonomic nervous system mechanisms by testing whether resting and stressor-evoked cardiovascular responses are associated with two markers of systemic inflammation: interleukin(IL)-6 and C-reactive protein (CRP). Subjects were 159 Black and 129 White men (M = 33.0 years) who completed a laboratory protocol including an anger recall speech task. Electrocardiography and impedance cardiography data were collected during a resting baseline, the speech task, and a final recovery period. Hierarchical regressions tested whether resting or stressor-evoked levels of heart rate (HR), high-frequency heart rate variability (HF-HRV), pre-ejection period (PEP), and pulse transit time (PTT) were associated with CRP or IL-6. Higher resting HR was associated with higher CRP (β = .19, p = .003) and IL-6 (β = .13, p < .05). Similarly, shorter resting PTT was associated with higher CRP (β = −.21, p < .001) and IL-6 (β = −.14, p = .02). In addition, greater stressor-evoked decreases in HF-HRV were associated with higher CRP (β = −.14, p = .01). Associations were independent of age, race, body mass index (BMI), smoking behavior, and socioeconomic status. Resting HF-HRV and PEP were also associated with CRP and IL-6, but associations were not significant after controlling for BMI and smoking behavior. These findings indicate that resting HR and PTT, as well stressor-evoked HF-HRV reactivity, are associated with systemic inflammation. Our results suggest that both tonic and stressor-evoked sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system activity may contribute to regulation of systemic inflammation.

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Sympathoneural and Adrenomedullary Responses to Mental Stress

Cited by 62 publications

References 294 publications

Sympathetic neural reactivity to mental stress in offspring of hypertensive parents: 20 years revisited

Sympathetic neural reactivity to mental stress in offspring of hypertensive parents: 20 years revisited

Rate of rise in diastolic blood pressure influences vascular sympathetic response to mental stress

Psychophysiological correlates of systemic inflammation in black and white men

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