Sympathoadrenal medullary activity in young, spontaneously hypertensive rats

Grobecker, H.; Roizen, Michael F.; Weise, Virginia K.; Saavedra, Juan M.; Kopin, Irwin J.

doi:10.1038/258267a0

Cited by 137 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…These data contrast sharply with previous experience with the one kidney Goldblatt model in the rat in which an increase in plasma NA accompanies the development of hypertension and in which pretreatment with intracisternal 6-OHDA prevents not only the development of hypertension but also the increase in plasma NA concentrations (Dargie et al, 1976). Similar data have been obtained in the deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA) salt model in the rat (Reid, Zivin & Kopin, 1975) and increased plasma NA concentrations have also been described in spontaneous hypertension in the rat (Grobecker, Roizen, Weise, Saavedra & Kopin, 1976). Pretreatment with intracisternal 6-OHDA prevents hypertension not only in the DOCA salt and the one kidney Goldblatt models but also in the perinephritis model in the rabbit in which bilateral cellophane wrapping of the kidneys results in interstitial nephritis.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 68%

Central and Peripheral Noradrenaline in the Two Kidney Model of Renovascular Hypertension in the Rat

Dargie

Franklin

Reid

1977

British J Pharmacology

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I Plasma noradrenaline concentrations were similar in rats following unilateral renal arterial constriction (two kidney Goldblatt model) and in sham-operated control rats. 2 The development of hypertension was not affected by pretreatment with intracisternal injections of 6-hydroxydopamine. 3 These data suggest that sympathetic mechanisms do not contribute to the development of hypertension in this model.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 68%

Central and Peripheral Noradrenaline in the Two Kidney Model of Renovascular Hypertension in the Rat

Dargie

Franklin

Reid

1977

British J Pharmacology

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“…young spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), both noradrenaline concentrations and dopamine-phydroxylase activity were significantly increased over those of the controls (WKY), indicating increased sympathetic neuronal activity in spontaneously hypertensive rats at the beginning of the development of high blood pressure in genetic hypertension (Grobecker et al, 1975;Nagaoka & Lovenberg, 1976). Also in DOCA-salt hypertensive rats plasma noradrenaline and plasma adrenaline levels were significantly raised (Reid et al, 1975;Grobecker et al, 1977;Franco-Morselli et al, 1977).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Axelrod, 1976). The degree of involvement of sympathetic nerves and the adrenal medulla may vary with different types of hypertension and during different phases of the development of experimental and human hypertension (Grobecker et al, 1975Saavedra et al, 1976Saavedra et al, , 1978). An increased sympathetic neuronal activity reflected by elevated circulating noradrenaline concentrations and dopamine-p-hydroxylase activity was demonstrated in young spontaneously hypertensive rats (Nagatsu et al, 1974;Grobecker et al, 0306-5251/82/130 381-10 $01.00 1975).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated plasma catecholamines in young hypertensive and hyperkinetic patients: effect of pindolol.

Dominiak¹,

Grobecker²

1982

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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1 The sympathetic nervous system plays an important role in the regulation of blood pressure. Plasma catecholamine concentrations are considered to be reliable indices of sympatho-neuronal (noradrenaline) and sympatho-adrenal (adrenaline) activity and reactivity in man. 2 Sympathetic and adrenal activity and reactivity in young patients with essential hypertension or hyperkinetic heart syndrome were compared with an appropriate control group matched for age. The groups of hypertensive patients and patients with hyperkinetic heart syndrome could be clearly distinguished from control subjects on the basis of circulating catecholamine levels at rest. 3 A clear-cut increase in circulating noradrenaline and adrenaline was observed in young patients with essential hypertension and hyperkinetic heart syndrome at rest. Clinically, hypertensive patients were characterized by elevated systolic and diastolic blood pressure and increased heart rate, whereas patients with hyperkinetic heart syndrome had increased heart rate and increased systolic blood pressure, whereas diastolic blood pressure was normal. At rest, there was a significant positive correlation between heart rate and circulating catecholamines in both groups of patients. In hypertensives a positive correlation between heart rate and plasma adrenaline concentrations, in patients with hyperkinetic heart syndrome a positive correlation between heart rate and plasma noradrenaline concentrations could be observed. In addition a positive correlation between plasma noradrenaline concentrations and systolic blood pressure in all groups of patients studied, was obtained. 4 Sympatho-neuronal and sympatho-adrenal reactivity during mental stress or physical exercise increased in both groups of patients, mirrored by an increase in blood pressure and heart rate.5 Pindolol, a potent non-selective P-adrenoceptor blocking drug with intrinsic sympathomimetic activity and minimal membrane stabilizing properties, administered in a single oral dose of 10 mg, diminished the exaggerated sympathetic tone in both groups of patients by attenuating circulating catecholamine levels at rest or during mental stress, but not during physical exercise.

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“…The determination of changes in plasma levels of noradrenaline both in animals and man offers more useful information (15). In addition, the state of the art technology for determination of plasma catecholamines (7,25) allows the simultaneous determination of adrenaline levels and gives an index of adrenomedullary activity in so far as production and release of catecholamines are concerned (19).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circulating and tissue catecholamines in rats with chronic neurogenic hypertension

1986

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Summary:To study the role of peripheral catecholamines in plasma and different tissues in neurogenic hypertension we measured directly blood pressure, maximum rate of left ventricular pressure rise (dp/dtm~) and heart rate through an aortic catheter 5 weeks after total sino-aortic baroreceptor deafferentation in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Blood samples were collected through the same catheter to determine plasma catecholamine concentrations. Blood pressure and dp/dtmax were significantly higher in neurogenic-hypertensive rats when compared with sham operated rats. Plasma noradrenaline concentrations and plasma adrenaline concentrations reached significantly higher levels in neurogenic-hypertensive rats. In the heart noradrenaline content was lower (when calculated per g wet weight) and in the adrenal medulla adrenaline content was higher in neurogenic-hypertensive rats, when compared with sham operated controls. A significant positive correlation was found between dp/ dtmax and plasma noradrenaline concentrations.It is concluded that sino-aortic baroreceptor deafferentation produces a significant chronic hypertension, probably supported by elevated plasma catecholamine concentrations and enhanced synthesis and release of adrenaline from adrenal medulla.

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Sympathoadrenal medullary activity in young, spontaneously hypertensive rats

Cited by 137 publications

References 10 publications

Central and Peripheral Noradrenaline in the Two Kidney Model of Renovascular Hypertension in the Rat

Central and Peripheral Noradrenaline in the Two Kidney Model of Renovascular Hypertension in the Rat

Elevated plasma catecholamines in young hypertensive and hyperkinetic patients: effect of pindolol.

Circulating and tissue catecholamines in rats with chronic neurogenic hypertension

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