Abstract:Sympathetic nervous system (SNS) fibres and alpha- and beta-receptors are present in bone, indicating that the SNS may participate in bone metabolism. The importance of these observations is controversial because stimulation or inhibition of the SNS has had various effects upon both anabolic and catabolic activity in this tissue. In this study we evaluated the effects of pharmacological sympathectomy, using chronic treatment of maturing male rats with 40 mg of guanethidine/kg i.p., upon various parameters in b… Show more
“…4), demonstrating that the microstructure of the new cancellous bone in the implanted beagles (with or without electrical stimulation of sympathetic nerve fibers) was the same. These results also suggest that the electrical stimulation of the sympathetic nerve fibers affects the deposition of bone minerals rather than bone resorption, as was discovered in a previous study that used sympathetic nerve blockers of guanethidine 32 .Figure 4Comparisons of the indicated parameters of periodontal and peri-implant bone between group ( A ) and group ( B ) animals. All measurements were obtained from a micro-CT after implantation for 4 weeks.…”
Dental implantation has been the primary method for the treatment of tooth loss, but longer than 3 months healing times are generally required. Because immediate load implants are suitable only for certain categories of implant patients, it has value to develop a novel method to facilitate the implant-bone osseointegration process. Cylindrical titanium implants were implanted in the tooth sockets of beagles, and microelectrode stimulation of the sympathetic nerves in the infraorbital nerve was performed after implantation for 1 week. The authors found that one-sided nerve stimulation was shown to evoke consistent electric potential changes in both sides of the infraorbital nerves. Moreover, after 4 weeks of implantation, more new bone was clearly observed around the implants in the beagles that received electrical stimulation treatment than was observed in the control animals. Furthermore, a higher mineralization density was measured in the new peri-implant bone tissues of the stimulated beagles when compared to controls. These results demonstrate that the simple and safe physical method of microelectrode stimulation to sympathetic nerves can promote the formation of new bone and the osseointegration of implants. This technique is worth promoting and has the potential to reduce the healing time of dental implantation in future clinical cases.
“…4), demonstrating that the microstructure of the new cancellous bone in the implanted beagles (with or without electrical stimulation of sympathetic nerve fibers) was the same. These results also suggest that the electrical stimulation of the sympathetic nerve fibers affects the deposition of bone minerals rather than bone resorption, as was discovered in a previous study that used sympathetic nerve blockers of guanethidine 32 .Figure 4Comparisons of the indicated parameters of periodontal and peri-implant bone between group ( A ) and group ( B ) animals. All measurements were obtained from a micro-CT after implantation for 4 weeks.…”
Dental implantation has been the primary method for the treatment of tooth loss, but longer than 3 months healing times are generally required. Because immediate load implants are suitable only for certain categories of implant patients, it has value to develop a novel method to facilitate the implant-bone osseointegration process. Cylindrical titanium implants were implanted in the tooth sockets of beagles, and microelectrode stimulation of the sympathetic nerves in the infraorbital nerve was performed after implantation for 1 week. The authors found that one-sided nerve stimulation was shown to evoke consistent electric potential changes in both sides of the infraorbital nerves. Moreover, after 4 weeks of implantation, more new bone was clearly observed around the implants in the beagles that received electrical stimulation treatment than was observed in the control animals. Furthermore, a higher mineralization density was measured in the new peri-implant bone tissues of the stimulated beagles when compared to controls. These results demonstrate that the simple and safe physical method of microelectrode stimulation to sympathetic nerves can promote the formation of new bone and the osseointegration of implants. This technique is worth promoting and has the potential to reduce the healing time of dental implantation in future clinical cases.
“…(31â33) Additionally, a number of recent studies support the hypothesis that the nervous system may be involved in the regulation of functional adaptation. For example, pharmacologic sympathectomy hinders bone mass acquisition in young, growing rats,(34) and the nervous system has been shown to respond to skeletal loading events and regulate load-induced bone formation. (9,15) This study is an expansion of the latter finding.…”
“…It was well documented that bone repair and regeneration are all influenced by the nervous system, 4,16 and resorption and osteocyte activity are regulated by the sympathetic nerve. 17,18 As a part of autonomic nervous system, the sympathetic nerve system is 1 primary path connecting the brain and peripheral tissue, which is used for regulating physical balance. 19,20 Sympathetic nerve fibers are found in bone cortex and marrow.…”
Sympathetic nerve system has been proved to have important regulative effects to bone mass. However, the role of sympathetic nerve system in distraction osteogenesis (DO) is unclear. Here we show that the sympathetic nerve system plays an important role in mandibular DO. Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 2 groups at random. Right-side mandibular DO was performed on the 15 rats in control group (group A). Bilateral transection of cervical sympathetic trunk and right-side mandibular DO were performed on the 15 rats in the experimental group (group B). After operation, quantitative general observations, micro-computed tomography bone morphology analysis, and hematoxylin-eosin staining osseous tissue on new osteotylus in distraction gap were performed at consolidation time of 1, 14, and 28 days. SPSS 12.0 software package was used for statistical analysis. At 1 and 14 days of consolidation time, there was more continuous bone formation in the experimental group than that of the control group as determined by gross observation. Bone formation parameters including bone mineral density, bone volume-total volume ratio, bone trabeculae number as determined by micro-CT, and histological study of the test group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P < 0.05). No significant difference was noted between the 2 groups on consolidation time of 28 days. Our study suggested that the sympathetic innervation loss could improve mandibular DO and new bone formation, and the sympathetic nerve system might negatively regulate the process of DO.
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