“…Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR, renowned for its ability to promptly generate detailed three-dimensional (3D) spatial data. With the advancement of hight-precision LiDAR sensors, an increasing array of fields are incorporating this technology, such as autonomous vehicles Ibanez-Guzman, 2020 , Zhao et al, 2020), cultural heritage management (Chan et al, 2011, Rodrí guez-Gonzá lvez et al, 2017, Teppati Losè et al, 2022, mobile robotics (Weiss andBiber, 2011 , Yang et al, 2022), and smart cities (Garnett andAdams, 2018 , Ortega et al, 2021). Three-dimensional point clouds, as a data type for recording LiDAR measurements, require extensive post-processing in which the plane segmentation is one of most significant processing operations.…”