Symmetry and the thermodynamics of currents in open quantum systems

Manzano, Daniel; Hurtado, Pablo I.

doi:10.1103/physrevb.90.125138

Cited by 66 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 86 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. Due to their fundamental interest and practical applications, such as enhanced metrological properties [23,24], DPTs have attracted a significant amount of attention, with much work being devoted to study the associated phenomena of bistability [3-5, 22, 25-28], hysteresis [2,29], intermittency [6,26,[29][30][31][32], multimodality [25,31], metastability [33] and symmetry breaking [34][35][36]. All these effects are understood as different manifestations of the coexistence of several non-equilibrium phases.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Symmetries and conservation laws in quantum trajectories: Dissipative freezing

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In driven-dissipative systems, the presence of a strong symmetry guarantees the existence of several steady states belonging to different symmetry sectors. Here we show that, when a system with a strong symmetry is initialized in a quantum superposition involving several of these sectors, each individual stochastic trajectory will randomly select a single one of them and remain there for the rest of the evolution. Since a strong symmetry implies a conservation law for the corresponding symmetry operator on the ensemble level, this selection of a single sector from an initial superposition entails a breakdown of this conservation law at the level of individual realizations. Given that such a superposition is impossible in a classical, stochastic trajectory, this is a a purely quantum effect with no classical analogue. Our results show that a system with a closed Liouvillian gap may exhibit, when monitored over a single run of an experiment, a behaviour completely opposite to the usual notion of dynamical phase coexistence and intermittency, which are typically considered hallmarks of a dissipative phase transition. We discuss our results with a simple, realistic model of squeezed superradiance.Driven dissipative systems are ubiquitous in many body physics and cavity QED [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. These systems are typically gapped and feature a unique, non-equilibrium steady state. In the regime of a dissipative phase transition (DPT), however, this gap vanishes and the null-space of the Liouvillian is spanned by several compatible steady-states. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. Due to their fundamental interest and practical applications, such as enhanced metrological properties [23,24], DPTs have attracted a significant amount of attention, with much work being devoted to study the associated phenomena of bistability [3-5, 22, 25-28], hysteresis [2,29], intermittency [6,26,[29][30][31][32], multimodality [25,31], metastability [33] and symmetry breaking [34][35][36]. All these effects are understood as different manifestations of the coexistence of several non-equilibrium phases. In particular, many experiments will look for intermittency as the hallmark of such phase coexistence [6,26,[29][30][31][32]. Intermittency is a phenomenon defined by a random switching between periods of high and low dynamical activity (for instance in the rate of photon emission). This behaviour, which is observed during a single run of the experiment, is conveniently described using the formalism of quantum jumps in which the system is characterized in terms of a pure wavefunction that undergoes stochastic evolution [37][38][39].The timescale τ of this intermittency is given by the inverse of the Liouvillian gap or asymptotic decay rate (ADR), i.e. the eigenvalue λ 2 of the Liouvillian operator L with the second largest real part [23,40,41]. Since a DPT is defined by a vanishing Liouvillian gap [13,14], it will necessarily imply that τ diverges. In most typical situations, this closing is reached in the thermod...

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Symmetries and conservation laws in quantum trajectories: Dissipative freezing

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A non-analytical point in the rate function p(w) signals a phase transition (see e.g. [44][45][46]) occurring, in our case, in the statistics of the rare fluctuations of the work done. In a classical context, this would correspond to a macroscopic change in the nature of the "typical" configurations the system would display at fixed average work.…”

mentioning

confidence: 86%

“…In particular, the rate function describing the statistics of the work exhibits in this regime a non-analytical point, signaling an out-of-equilibrium phase transition in the rare fluctuations of the work. Non-analiticities in the rate functions describing rare events are well-established in the context of classical stochastic processes out of equilibirum [44][45][46] and have been identified in the counting statistics of continuously-measured quantum systems [47][48][49][50]. This manuscript highlights the emergence of this scenario in quenched closed quantum systems.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Singularities in large deviations of work in quantum quenches

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We investigate large deviations of the work performed in a quantum quench across two different phases separated by a quantum critical point, using as example the Dicke model quenched from its superradiant to its normal phase. We extract the distribution of the work from the Loschmidt amplitude and compute for both the corresponding large-deviation forms. Comparing these findings with the predictions of the classification scheme put forward in [Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, 250602 (2012)], we are able to identify a regime which is in fact distinct to the ones identified so far: here the rate function exhibits a non-analytical point which is a strong indication of the existence of an out-of-equilibrium phase transition in the rare fluctuations of the work.

show abstract

“…In addition to their conceptual importance, DPTs play also a key role to understand the physics of different systems, from glass formers [10, 12-14, 18, 21, 41, 42] to superconducting transistors and micromasers [17,19]. There have been also recent applications of DPTs to design quantum thermal switches [28,33,43], i.e. quantum devices where the heat current flowing between hot and cold reservoirs can be completely blocked, modulated or turned on at will.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sampling rare events across dynamical phase transitions

Pérez‐Espigares

Hurtado

2019

Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Interacting particle systems with many degrees of freedom may undergo phase transitions to sustain atypical fluctuations of dynamical observables such as the current or the activity. This leads in some cases to symmetry-broken space-time trajectories which enhance the probability of such events due to the emergence of ordered structures. Despite their conceptual and practical importance, these dynamical phase transitions (DPTs) at the trajectory level are difficult to characterize due to the low probability of their occurrence. However, during the last decade advanced computational techniques have been developed to measure rare events in simulations of many-particle systems that allow for the first time the direct observation and characterization of these DPTs.Here we review the application of a particular rare-event simulation technique, based on cloning Monte Carlo methods, to characterize DPTs in paradigmatic stochastic lattice gases. In particular, we describe in detail some tricks and tips of the trade, paying special attention to the measurement of order parameters capturing the physics of the different DPTs, as well as to the finite-size effects (both in the system size and number of clones) that affect the measurements. Overall, we provide a consistent picture of the phenomenology associated with DPTs and their measurement. arXiv:1902.01276v2 [cond-mat.stat-mech]

show abstract

Symmetry and the thermodynamics of currents in open quantum systems

Cited by 66 publications

References 86 publications

Symmetries and conservation laws in quantum trajectories: Dissipative freezing

Symmetries and conservation laws in quantum trajectories: Dissipative freezing

Singularities in large deviations of work in quantum quenches

Sampling rare events across dynamical phase transitions

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About