Symmetrical anatomical variant of the anterior belly of the digastric muscle: clinical implicat

Buffoli, Barbara; Lancini, Davide; Ferrari, Marco; Belotti, Francesco; Nicolai, Piero; Tschabitscher, Manfred; Rezzani, Rita; Rodella, Luigi Fabrizio

doi:10.5603/fm.a2015.0077

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…The submental arrowhead variation of the anterior digastric and mylohyoid musculature-Review of the literature reveals numerous case studies that have reported a muscular variant connecting the midline raphé of the mylohyoid to the intermediate tendon of the digastric muscle [4,5,16,26,27,[32][33][34]. Williston describes a case wherein "[t]he tendon of the digastric muscles gave off two anterior bellies, one normal in size and position, the other a flattened, triangular belly, meeting its fellow in a median raphe and connected at its upper angle with the maxillary symphysis" [32].…”

Section: The Mylohyoid Musclementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Williston describes a case wherein "[t]he tendon of the digastric muscles gave off two anterior bellies, one normal in size and position, the other a flattened, triangular belly, meeting its fellow in a median raphe and connected at its upper angle with the maxillary symphysis" [32]. Other accounts are largely similar to that of Williston [4,5,16,26,27,33,34]. Buck and Stedman note that "[t]he anterior belly is very often abnormal; not infrequently the two anterior bellies unite in the median line and completely shut out from view the mylohyoid muscles" [4].…”

Section: The Mylohyoid Musclementioning

confidence: 99%

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The submental arrowhead variation of the mylohyoid and anterior belly of the digastric muscles

et al. 2018

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Purpose-Submental anatomical variation is of clinical importance with regard to head and neck surgeries. One such anatomical variation is that of additional musculature joining the intermediate tendon of the digastric muscle to the midline of the mylohyoid musculature-a variation which this report refers to, accordingly, as an arrowhead variation. Though the arrowhead variation has been described in several case reports, it has not been subject to cross-sectional study. The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of the arrowhead variation. Methods-Prevalence of the arrowhead variation was assessed in 19 cadavers via gross dissection. Results-Two of the 19 cadavers (10.5%) were found to have arrowhead variations. The arrowhead variation was found in one male (1:11; 9.1%) and one female (1:8; 12.5%), respectively. Conclusions-This report demonstrates that the submental arrowhead variation of the anterior digastric and mylohyoid musculature has been reported in isolated case reports since the nineteenth century. This report is the first cross-sectional study of the arrowhead variant, identifying it in approximately one in ten individuals and in both sexes. Therefore, the presence of an arrowhead variation should be regularly considered with regard to diagnosis of submental masses. Likewise, the arrowhead variation should be considered in the preoperative planning of the myriad operations performed in the submental region.

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Section: The Mylohyoid Musclementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Mylohyoid Musclementioning

confidence: 99%

The submental arrowhead variation of the mylohyoid and anterior belly of the digastric muscles

et al. 2018

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“…The closest variation to these atavistic variations we could find in the literature was a variation in which right and left AB accessory muscles fused at the midline of the submental triangle. In this case, the ABDMs and the accessory muscles were still visibly discernable by distinct striations of the muscle fibers [1]. Another is the complex type variation with an ectopic tubercle elongated from the mandible at the symphysis, to which a pair of insertion type AB accessory muscles are attached via a tendinous fiber (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Clinically, structural variations of the ABDM have implications in surgeries involving the muscles of the submental region such as correction of facial paralysis and an array of cosmetic surgeries for improving the frontal neck contour [5,9,10,23,26]. The ABDM variations, especially those with atavistic type variation and robust AB accessory muscles, could cause misidentification of the suprahyoid muscle groups which affects diagnosis involving the submandibular region [1,26,27]. Therefore, attracting attention to the frequent occurrence and morphological complexity of ABDM variations in the general population has significant clinical importance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cadaveric analysis of anatomical variations of the anterior belly of the digastric muscle

Anderson

Tucker

2021

Folia Morphol

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Background: The anterior belly of the digastric muscle (ABDM) presents highly variable and frequent anatomical variations. Since the ABDM functions as a landmark for clinical procedures involving the submental region, it is important to have a comprehensive understanding of its variations. In this study, we sought to improve our knowledge of ABDM variations in the ethnically diverse whole-body donor population in Northern California. Specific aims were: (1) to determine the frequency of ABDM and AB accessory muscle variations in cadavers donated to the UC Davis Body Donation Program, (2) to classify these variations identified in this population using the previously proposed nomenclatures by Yamada (1935) and Zlabek (1933), and (3) to investigate the innervation and arterial supply to the representative ABDM and AB accessory muscle variations. Materials and methods: During the 2018 and 2019 gross anatomy dissection laboratories at the UC Davis School of Medicine, the submental regions of 48 cadavers were examined and classified. Results: Fifteen cadavers (31.2%) presented ABDM and AB accessory muscle variations. These variations were clearly categorized using the morphology of the ABDMs and attachments of the AB accessory muscles. We also identified three previously unreported types of variations, two of which presented the fusion of right and left ABDMs and one presenting an ectopic tubercle beneath the mandibular symphysis to which a pair of AB accessory muscles were attached. Conclusions: ABDM variations were found in 1 in 3 individuals in the local Northern California population. Knowledge of the prevalence and common patterns of ABDM variations in the general population would be valuable information when an operation or examination is performed in the submental region.

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“…While, a deficiency during differentiation of the mesodermal cells may either result in a unilateral or bilateral accessory belly (Chaithra Rao et al). As a result, bilateral accessory bellies have been frequently documented in literature (Aktekin et al; Liquidate et al; Mascaro et al; Kyung et al; Chaithra Rao et al) and the majority of these are asymmetrical (Rani et al;Buffoli et al, 2016;Accioly Lins et al, 2017). This study documented both unilateral and bilateral accessory belly variations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomical Variations of the Anterior Belly of the Digastric Muscle

Guambe¹,

De-Gama²,

Pillay³

et al. 2019

Int. J. Morphol.

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A routine dissection of the digastric muscle reflected that it originated by two muscle bellies namely. the anterior and posterior belly which are connected by an intermediate tendon (IT). These bellies originated from the mastoid process of the temporal bone and the digastric fossa of the mandible respectively. The digastric muscle serves as an important surgical landmark in surgical interventions involving the submental area however, accessory bellies may interfere with surgical intervention in this area. Therefore, this study aimed to document the occurrence of the anatomical variations in the anterior belly of the digastric muscle (ABDM) in a selected number of cadaveric samples. Ten bilateral adult cadaveric head and neck specimens (n = 20) were macro-dissected in order to document the morphology of the digastric muscle. The accessory bellies in the ABDM was observed in 60 % of the specimens. Unilateral and bilateral variations were observed in 20 % and 30 % of the specimens, respectively. These accessory bellies originated in the digastric fossa, ABDM, IT and hyoid bone, and inserted into the mylohyoid raphe, mylohyoid muscle and hyoid bone. In addition, an anomalous main ABDM was observed in 10 % of the specimens inserting through a transverse tendon into the hyoid bone. Variations in the digastric muscle are common especially the accessory bellies, therefore, a comprehensive understanding of these anatomical variations could be of clinical importance to the surgeons during head and neck radiological diagnosis and surgical interventions.

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Symmetrical anatomical variant of the anterior belly of the digastric muscle: clinical implicat

Abstract: (Folia Morphol 2016; 75, 1: 112-116)

Cited by 7 publications

References 18 publications

The submental arrowhead variation of the mylohyoid and anterior belly of the digastric muscles

The submental arrowhead variation of the mylohyoid and anterior belly of the digastric muscles

A cadaveric analysis of anatomical variations of the anterior belly of the digastric muscle

Anatomical Variations of the Anterior Belly of the Digastric Muscle

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