Symbolism of plants: examples from European-Mediterranean culture presented with biology and history of art: JULY: Lotus

Kandeler, Riklef; Ullrich, Wolfram R.

doi:10.1093/jxb/erp166

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…The blue waterlily, Nymphaea caerulea Savigny, grows in the still waters of northern and central Africa [ 5 ]. An Osirian emblem [ 5 , 6 ] by virtue of its natural cycle, and a symbol of the continual renewal of life, N. caerulea was extensively used as a motif in funerary art (pharaohs’ tomb frescoes, jewelry, funerary ceramics) and as an ornament for the dead (wreaths of dry flowers were found in the mummified remains of Ramses II and Tutankhamun) [ 5 , 7 , 8 ]. Spread across Egyptian sites of religious activity between the 5th and 22nd dynasties [ 5 , 9 ], the portrayal of buds or partially opened flowers is commonly associated with representations of mandrakes and opium poppies, suggesting mystical properties [ 5 , 10 ], though there is no direct evidence that N. caerulea was actually made into a narcotic preparation [ 5 , 7 ].…”

Section: Waterlilies and Aporphine Alkaloids: An Insight Into Empiricmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Many Faces of Apomorphine: Lessons from the Past and Challenges for the Future

2018

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Apomorphine is now recognized as the oldest antiparkinsonian drug on the market. Though still underused, it is increasingly prescribed in Europe for patients with advanced Parkinson’s disease (PD) with motor fluctuations. However, its history is far from being limited to movement disorders. This paper traces the history of apomorphine, from its earliest empirical use, to its synthesis, pharmacological development, and numerous indications in human and veterinary medicine, in light of its most recent uses and newest challenges. From shamanic rituals in ancient Egypt and Mesoamerica, to the treatment of erectile dysfunction, from being discarded as a pharmacological tool to becoming an essential antiparkinsonian drug, the path of apomorphine in the therapeutic armamentarium has been tortuous and punctuated by setbacks and groundbreaking discoveries. Throughout history, three main clinical indications stood out: emetic (gastric emptying, respiratory disorders, aversive conditioning), sedative (mental disorders, clinical anesthesia, alcoholism), and antiparkinsonian (fluctuations). New indications may arise in the future, both in PD (palliative care, nonmotor symptoms, withdrawal of oral dopaminergic medication), and outside PD, with promising work in neuroprotection or addiction.

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Section: Waterlilies and Aporphine Alkaloids: An Insight Into Empiricmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Many Faces of Apomorphine: Lessons from the Past and Challenges for the Future

2018

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“…The TFC extraction yield (Y TFC ), obtained using the conditions listed in Table 1; Table 2, was expressed in the form of a polynomial equation, Y TFC as a function of the X1 (aqEtOH concentration), X2 (US frequency) and X3 (extraction duration): Table 4). The statistical analysis (Table 4) evidenced the highly significant important effect (p < 0.001) on TFC extracted from N. lotus stamens of aqEtOH concentration and US frequency through their linear coefficients X 1 and X 2 , quadratic coefficients X 1 2 and X 2 2 , as well as their interaction coefficient X 1 X 2 .…”

Section: Optimization Of Uae Of Total Flavonoids From N Lotus Stamensmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the beauty of its flower, this plant is widely used and cultivated as an ornamental plant. Moreover, N. lotus is used as a medicinal plant for traditional medicines, food and herbal tea for health benefits, especially in many Asian countries, Egypt and other countries in Africa [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ]. Almost every part of this medicinal plant is edible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enrichment in Antioxidant Flavonoids of Stamen Extracts from Nymphaea lotus L. Using Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction and Macroporous Resin Adsorption

Tungmunnithum

Drouet

Kabra³

et al. 2020

Antioxidants

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Nymphaea lotus L. is the medicinal plant that has long been used for food, cosmetics and traditional medicines in Africa and Asia since ancient times. Its flavonoids and other interesting phytochemical compounds from rhizome, leaf and the whole flowers have been reported in the previous published research. However, stamens, which are essential for reproductive functions, may also represent new alternative sources of potential antioxidant flavonoids, as investigated in this study. The innovative green chemistry methods, i.e., ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) as well as a macroporous resin (MPR) purification procedure, were employed in this current research. Using a full factorial design coupled to three-dimensional (3D) surface plot methodology, the influence of three variables, namely aqEtOH concentration (ranging from 50 to 100% (v/v), US frequency (ranging from 0 (no US applied) to 45 kHz), and the extraction duration (ranging from 20 to 60 min), were evaluated. Five MPRs with different surface areas, average pore diameters, matrix types and polarities were also investigated for the purification of total flavonoids. The optimal UAE condition is 90% (v/v) aqEtOH with 34.65 khz ultrasonic frequency and 46 min of extraction duration. Compared with the conventional heat reflux extraction (HRE) method, a significant 1.35-fold increase in total flavonoids content was obtained using optimized UAE conditions (169.64 for HRE vs. 235.45 mg/g dry weight for UAE), causing a 2.80-fold increase when this UAE associated with MPR purification (475.42 mg/g dry weight). In vitro cell free antioxidant activity of N. lotus stamen extracts and in cellulo antioxidant investigation using yeast model showed the same trend, indicating that the best antioxidant flavonoid can be found in UAE coupled with MPR purification. Moreover, in the yeast model, the expression of key antioxidant genes such as SIR2 and SOD2 were expressed at the highest level in yeast cells treated with the extract from UAE together with MPR purification. Consequently, it can be seen that the UAE combined with MPR purification can help enhance the flavonoid antioxidant potential of the stamens extract from this medicinal species.

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“…Due to the beauty of its flower, this plant is widely used and cultivated as an ornamental plant. Besides, N. lotus is also used as a medicinal plant for both traditional medicines, food, and herbal tea for healthy benefits, especially in many Asian countries, Egypt and others in Africa [1][2][3][4][5]. The ancient Egypt believed that the flower can help to provide power and strength, and they used this plant as perfume, food as well as ailments treatment [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enrichment in Antioxidant Flavonoids of Stamen Extracts from <em>Nymphaea lotus</em> L. Using Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction and Macroporous Resin Adsorption<em> </em>

Drouet¹,

Kabra²,

Hano³

2020

Preprint

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Nymphaea lotus L. is the medicinal plant that has long been used as food, cosmetic and traditional medicines in Africa and Asia since the ancient time. Its flavonoids and other interesting phytochemical compounds from rhizome, leaf, and the whole flowers have been reported in the previous published researches. However, stamens, which are essential for reproductive functions, may also represent new alternative sources of potential antioxidant flavonoids as investigated in this study. The innovative green chemistry method i.e. ultrasound-assisted extraction (USAE) as well as macroporous resin (MPR) purification procedure were employed in this current research. The optimal ultrasound-assisted extraction condition is 90 % (v/v) aqEtOH with 34.65 khz ultrasonic frequency and 46 minutes of extraction time. Comparing with heat reflux extraction (HRE) conventional method, the significant gain of 1.35 total flavonoids content was obtained using optimized USAE conditions, jumping to 2.80 when this USAE associated with MPR purification. Not only in vitro cell free antioxidant activity of N. lotus stamen extracts, but also in cellulo antioxidant investigation using yeast model showed the same trend to indicate that the best antioxidant flavonoid can be found in USAE coupled with MPR purification. Moreover, the key antioxidant genes expression in yeast model such as SIR2 and SOD2 were also expressed at the highest level in yeast cell treated with the extract from USAE together with MPR purification. Consequently, it can be seen that the USAE combined with MPR purification can help to enhance the flavonoids antioxidant potential of the stamens extract from this medicinal species.

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Symbolism of plants: examples from European-Mediterranean culture presented with biology and history of art: JULY: Lotus

Cited by 15 publications

References 5 publications

The Many Faces of Apomorphine: Lessons from the Past and Challenges for the Future

The Many Faces of Apomorphine: Lessons from the Past and Challenges for the Future

Enrichment in Antioxidant Flavonoids of Stamen Extracts from Nymphaea lotus L. Using Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction and Macroporous Resin Adsorption

Enrichment in Antioxidant Flavonoids of Stamen Extracts from <em>Nymphaea lotus</em> L. Using Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction and Macroporous Resin Adsorption<em> </em>

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