Symbiotic cellulolytic bacteria from the gut of the subterranean termite Psammotermes hypostoma Desneux and their role in cellulose digestion

Ali, Huda R. K.; Hemeda, Nada F.; Abdelaliem, Yasser Fathy

doi:10.1186/s13568-019-0830-5

Cited by 48 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…However, most of these studies have focused on bacterial and viral communities in ticks [ 18 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 ]. Considering that the arthropod microbiome involves complex interactions among prokaryotes, viruses, and eukaryotic microorganisms [ 6 , 9 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 ], the lack of data for eukaryotes may result in incomplete or misleading analyses. The aim of this study was to develop methods for the analysis of eukaryotes in ticks by selectively suppressing the amplification of tick 18S rDNA but allowing the amplification of sequences of other eukaryotes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of Blocker Nucleic Acids and Non-Metazoan PCR Improves the Discovery of the Eukaryotic Microbiome in Ticks

et al. 2021

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Ticks serve as important vectors of a variety of pathogens. Recently, the viral and prokaryotic microbiomes in ticks have been explored using next-generation sequencing to understand the physiology of ticks and their interactions with pathogens. However, analyses of eukaryotic communities in ticks are limited, owing to the lack of suitable methods. In this study, we developed new methods to selectively amplify microeukaryote genes in tick-derived DNA by blocking the amplification of the 18S rRNA gene of ticks using artificial nucleic acids: peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) and locked nucleic acids (LNAs). In addition, another PCR using non-metazoan primers, referred to as UNonMet-PCR, was performed for comparison. We performed each PCR using tick-derived DNA and sequenced the amplicons using the Illumina MiSeq platform. Almost all sequences obtained by conventional PCR were derived from ticks, whereas the proportion of microeukaryotic reads and alpha diversity increased upon using the newly developed method. Additionally, the PNA- or LNA-based methods were suitable for paneukaryotic analyses, whereas the UNonMet-PCR method was particularly sensitive to fungi. The newly described methods enable analyses of the eukaryotic microbiome in ticks. We expect the application of these methods to improve our understanding of the tick microbiome.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of Blocker Nucleic Acids and Non-Metazoan PCR Improves the Discovery of the Eukaryotic Microbiome in Ticks

et al. 2021

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“…In very recent study, L. macrolides and L. fusiformis isolated of from the gut of the subterranean termite Psammotermes hypostoma Desneux are able to digest cellulose [10] and xylan [11]. L. louembei has been isolated from Ntoba Mbodi, an alkaline fermented leaves of cassava from the Republic of the Congo [4].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prime Enzymatic Exocellular Background of <i>Lysinibacillus louembei</i>

Kaya-Ongoto¹,

Kayath²,

Mbozo³

et al. 2020

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Many high-reading journals reject several studies based on the basic aspects of microbiology by forgetting that this could open doors and windows of great scientific discoveries. A new spore-forming bacteria species called Lysinibacillus louembei has been previously discovered in our research unit. This new study aims to assess a real enzymatic machine produced with such bacteria. Using agarose mixed with half skimmed milk, LB medium supplemented with tween 20, Olive oil, egg yolk, cellulose, casein, pectin and starch, we showed that L. louembei has lipolytic, proteolytic (2.8 cm ± 0.1), cellulolytic, amylolytic pectinolytic activities, with percentage ranging from 30% to 80%. This species is able to secrete lipase, thermostable protease up to 60˚C. Cellulase, pectinase and amylase are secreted with more stability between 30˚C and 50˚C with an optimum at 45˚C. The effect of pH was determined after 24 h of incubation at 37˚C and 50˚C. The proteolytic activity is stable at pH 8 at 50˚C.

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“…The function of grooming in termites has always been to replenish their supply of bacteria in the gut, and to remove foreign bodies such as bacteria or parasites from the integument and eliminate through alimentary tracts. However, abnormally high bacterial concentration introduced may cause disruption to their digestive system, by disrupting mutual interactions between termite hosts and their symbionts [ 25 ]. Previous reports showed that grooming increases with the presence of several entomopathogens on the integument of termites [ 26 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Septicaemia of subterranean termites Coptotermes curvignathus caused by disturbance of bacteria isolated from termite gut and its foraging pathways

et al. 2020

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Microbial pathogens continue to attract a great deal of attention to manage the termite population. Every bacterium has its own mode of action and in fact, the mechanisms used by bacteria to attack termites remain elusive at the moment. Hence, the objective of this study was to evaluate the susceptibility of subterranean termites Coptotermes curvignathus to opportunistic pathogens using culturable aerobic bacteria isolated from the termite gut and its foraging pathways. Bacterial suspensions were prepared in concentrations of 10 3 , 10 6 and 10 9 colony-forming units (CFU) ml −1 and introduced to the termites via oral-contact and physical contact treatment. The data show that contact method acted slower and gave lower mortality, compared to the oral-contact method. Coptotermes curvignathus were highly susceptible to Serratia marcescens and Pseudomonas aeruginosa . Serratia marcescens showed the highest mortality percentage of 68% and 54% at bacterial concentration of 10 9 CFU ml −1 via oral-contact and contact method, respectively. Serratia marcescens was also defined as the bacteria with the highest ability to induce the high mortality of C. curvignathus with the lowest concentration of bacterial suspension at a given time under laboratory condition. The results of this study indicate that P. aeruginosa and S. marcescens in particular may be attractive candidates worth further examination as a possible biocontrol agent against C. curvignathus in the field and to evaluate environmental and ecological risks of the biocontrol.

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Symbiotic cellulolytic bacteria from the gut of the subterranean termite Psammotermes hypostoma Desneux and their role in cellulose digestion

Cited by 48 publications

References 30 publications

Applications of Blocker Nucleic Acids and Non-Metazoan PCR Improves the Discovery of the Eukaryotic Microbiome in Ticks

Applications of Blocker Nucleic Acids and Non-Metazoan PCR Improves the Discovery of the Eukaryotic Microbiome in Ticks

Prime Enzymatic Exocellular Background of <i>Lysinibacillus louembei</i>

Septicaemia of subterranean termites Coptotermes curvignathus caused by disturbance of bacteria isolated from termite gut and its foraging pathways

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Symbiotic cellulolytic bacteria from the gut of the subterranean termite Psammotermes hypostoma Desneux and their role in cellulose digestion

Cited by 48 publications

References 30 publications

Applications of Blocker Nucleic Acids and Non-Metazoan PCR Improves the Discovery of the Eukaryotic Microbiome in Ticks

Applications of Blocker Nucleic Acids and Non-Metazoan PCR Improves the Discovery of the Eukaryotic Microbiome in Ticks

Prime Enzymatic Exocellular Background of &lt;i&gt;Lysinibacillus louembei&lt;/i&gt;

Septicaemia of subterranean termites Coptotermes curvignathus caused by disturbance of bacteria isolated from termite gut and its foraging pathways

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Prime Enzymatic Exocellular Background of <i>Lysinibacillus louembei</i>