Symbiotic bacteria on the cuticle protect the oriental fruit moth Grapholita molesta from fungal infection

Wang, Xueli; Yang, Xuelin; Zhou, Fangyuan; Tian, Zhi Qiang; Cheng, Jie; Michaud, J.P.; Liu, Xiaoxia

doi:10.1016/j.biocontrol.2022.104895

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…In contrast, glutamine contents were sensitive to TCEP exposure, decreasing from 37 to 32 and 28 μmol/g protein after exposure to 500 and 5,000 μg/kg TCEP and 24–19 μmol/g protein under nZVI-TCEP coexposure, respectively. The decreases in nutrients as energy sources were coincident with the upregulated uptake abilities in the key microorganisms, which may be related to the deterioration of host vulnerability [ [58] , [59] , [60] , [61] ] and thus induce synergistic toxicities under nZVI and TCEP co-contamination. Taken together, it might be possible that key epidermal microorganisms may avail themselves of the opportunity to obtain metal elements and nutrients from earthworms when facing multiple contaminants and thus contribute to the malnutrition of the host at the physiochemical level.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidermal microorganisms contributed to the toxic mechanism of nZVI and TCEP in earthworms by robbing metal elements and nutrients

Hou,

Yang,

et al. 2024

Eco-Environment & Health

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidermal microorganisms contributed to the toxic mechanism of nZVI and TCEP in earthworms by robbing metal elements and nutrients

Hou,

Yang,

et al. 2024

Eco-Environment & Health

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“…Out of 155 bacterial isolates from the cuticle of Dalbulus maidis and Delphacodes kuscheli , 91 were found to inhibit the growth of B. bassiana ( 99 ). Antagonistic interactions against fungi have also been observed in ectomicrobiomes residing on leaf-cutting ants ( Acromyrmex subterraneus ) ( 100 ), honeybees ( Apis mellifera ) ( 101 ), and the oriental fruit moth ( Grapholita molesta ) ( 102 ). Intriguingly, the beetle Lagria villosa possesses cuticular organs filled with bacterial symbionts, which protect larvae from EPF infection through the production of antifungal compounds ( 103 ).…”

Section: During the Early Infection Stagementioning

confidence: 99%

A life-and-death struggle: interaction of insects with entomopathogenic fungi across various infection stages

Ma,

Luo,

et al. 2024

Front. Immunol.

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Insects constitute approximately 75% of the world’s recognized fauna, with the majority of species considered as pests. Entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) are parasitic microorganisms capable of efficiently infecting insects, rendering them potent biopesticides. In response to infections, insects have evolved diverse defense mechanisms, prompting EPF to develop a variety of strategies to overcome or circumvent host defenses. While the interaction mechanisms between EPF and insects is well established, recent findings underscore that their interplay is more intricate than previously thought, especially evident across different stages of EPF infection. This review primarily focuses on the interplay between EPF and the insect defense strategies, centered around three infection stages: (1) Early infection stage: involving the pre-contact detection and avoidance behavior of EPF in insects, along with the induction of behavioral responses upon contact with the host cuticle; (2) Penetration and intra-hemolymph growth stage: involving the initiation of intricate cellular and humoral immune functions in insects, while symbiotic microbes can further contribute to host resistance; (3) Host insect’s death stage: involving the ultimate confrontation between pathogens and insects. Infected insects strive to separate themselves from the healthy population, while pathogens rely on the infected insects to spread to new hosts. Also, we discuss a novel pest management strategy underlying the cooperation between EPF infection and disturbing the insect immune system. By enhancing our understanding of the intricate interplay between EPF and the insect, this review provides novel perspectives for EPF-mediated pest management and developing effective fungal insecticides.

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“…When insect microbiomes shift, the environment is a dominant source of the microbes that are acquired. Diet (food as an external environmental factor) is often mentioned as one of the main factors that influence the diversity of insect microbiomes, especially among herbivorous [ 8 , 9 ] and carnivorous insect taxa [ 26 ]. The diet of an insect can act as a source of novel microbes when they are ingested with the food [ 27 ], but nutritional properties of the food can also influence an insect’s microbiome via its effect on the already existing microbes [ 28 ].…”

Section: Key Drivers Of Intraspecific Variation In Microbial Communitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a rare case of combining laboratory- and field-based investigations of a defensive symbiosis, it was found that Spiroplasma recently spread across Drosophila neotestacea populations in North America due to its role in protecting the host against the sterilising effects of a parasitic nematode [ 98 ]. Other studies revealing a protective role of gut bacteria against intestinal parasites [ 99 ] and cuticular microbes against pathogenic fungi [ 26 , 100 ] indicate that symbiont mediated defence is common across insects. As intestinal and cuticular microbiomes are often variable in their composition, these studies also suggest an impact of intraspecific microbiome variation on host defence.…”

Section: Consequences Of Intraspecific Variation In Microbial Communi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of intraspecific variation in insect microbiomes on host phenotype and evolution

Lange,

Boyer,

Bezemer

et al. 2023

The ISME Journal

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Microbes can be an important source of phenotypic plasticity in insects. Insect physiology, behaviour, and ecology are influenced by individual variation in the microbial communities held within the insect gut, reproductive organs, bacteriome, and other tissues. It is becoming increasingly clear how important the insect microbiome is for insect fitness, expansion into novel ecological niches, and novel environments. These investigations have garnered heightened interest recently, yet a comprehensive understanding of how intraspecific variation in the assembly and function of these insect-associated microbial communities can shape the plasticity of insects is still lacking. Most research focuses on the core microbiome associated with a species of interest and ignores intraspecific variation. We argue that microbiome variation among insects can be an important driver of evolution, and we provide examples showing how such variation can influence fitness and health of insects, insect invasions, their persistence in new environments, and their responses to global environmental changes.

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Symbiotic bacteria on the cuticle protect the oriental fruit moth Grapholita molesta from fungal infection

Cited by 6 publications

References 50 publications

Epidermal microorganisms contributed to the toxic mechanism of nZVI and TCEP in earthworms by robbing metal elements and nutrients

Epidermal microorganisms contributed to the toxic mechanism of nZVI and TCEP in earthworms by robbing metal elements and nutrients

A life-and-death struggle: interaction of insects with entomopathogenic fungi across various infection stages

Impact of intraspecific variation in insect microbiomes on host phenotype and evolution

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