Sylviculture en sapinière à gui. Conclusions provisoirement définitives

Abstract

On lira ci-dessous, à la suite, deux articles consacrés au Gui du Sapin qui se complètent l'un l'autre et qui ont été rédigés par des spécialistes des forêts résineuses alpines. C'est un sujet d'actualité, qui peut alimenter bien des contreverses . En pareille matière, le comité de rédaction de la R .F .F . laisse aux auteurs la responsabilité de leurs thèses . . . et ouvre bien sûr des colonnes aux lecteurs désireux d'approuver. . . ou de contester ! F . PLAGNAT SYLVICULTURE DES SAPINIÈRES A GUI CONCLUSIONS PROVISOIREMENT . . . DÉFINITIVES " Le gui fait exception à toutes les règles de la biologie " (P . de Candolle) " . . . et de la sylviculture " (F . Plagnat)

Mistletoe (Viscum album) in the fir forest of Mount Parnis, Greece

“…Plagnat (1969) has also reported higher mortality levels of fir trees infected by the mistletoe on poor dry sites of low elevation, especially during periods of drought. In northern facing slopes of Mount Parnis, on sites of good quality, although mistletoe infection was also high, the effect of the parasite on vigorous trees was relatively less significant and mortality rates were lower.…”

“…Although it was designed for dwarf mistletoes, it appears to work equally well with V. album on fir. Plagnat (1969) reported that mistletoe infection was more intensive on old trees of Abies alba Mill. in France.…”

“…In mixed stands of fir with other species, silvicultural measures can be applied to favor the non-host species, in order to reduce mistletoe infection (Plagnat, 1969;Filip et al, 2000). Black pine is a non-host of V. album subsp.…”

Impact of Common Mistletoe (Viscum album L.) on Scots Pine Forests—A Call for Action

“…abietis (white mistletoe) is one of the most significant biotic factors affecting Silver fir in natural forests. In the last 60 years in Europe, many reports were made about mistletoe affecting Silver fir: in France [15,16]; in Switzerland in the 1970's, 1980's, and 2000's [17,18]; in Croatia [19]; in the Spanish Pyrenees [20]; and in the Romanian Carpathians [21]. Mistletoe is also a major problem in the fir forests on Mount Parnis, Greece [22].…”

Detecting mistletoe infestation on Silver fir using hyperspectral images

“…Mistletoe is also considered an indicator of existing stress (Atzberger & Werner 1998, Smith et al 2004, Moorthy et al 2008, Wang & Li 2012. It has been reported that an excessive number of shrubs may even cause tree death (Plagnat & Brossier 1969, Cervera & Villaescusa 1977, Zuber 1983, Chéret et al 1987, Tsopelas et al 2004, Olivia & Colinas 2007. Morevover, mistletoe-infected trees have lower increment than uninfected trees (Klepac 1955, Uščuplić 1992, Uščuplić & Dautbašić 1998, Noetzli et al 2003, Barbu 2009) and should therefore have a cutting priority as long as their timber still retains its commercial value.…”