Switching or gating? The attentional challenge in cognitive models of psychological time

Lejeune, Helga

doi:10.1016/s0376-6357(98)00045-x

Cited by 208 publications

(176 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…Burle et al, 2001) now seems an unlikely explanation. Both "attentional gate" and "flickering switch" accounts of attentional effects (Lejeune, 1998;Lejeune, 2000;Zakay, 2000) predict a proportional effect, unless we once again assume that the effect is very brief. Instead, our data shows a constant effect.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Action, arousal, and subjective time

Yarrow

Haggard

Rothwell

2004

Consciousness and Cognition

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This is the unspecified version of the paper.This version of the publication may differ from the final published version. Permanent repository link: AbstractSaccadic chronostasis refers to the subjective temporal lengthening of the first visual stimulus perceived after an eye movement. It has been quantified using a duration discrimination task. Most models of human duration discrimination hypothesise an internal clock. These models could explain chronostasis as a transient increase in internal clock speed due to arousal following a saccade, leading to temporal overestimation. Two experiments are described which addressed this hypothesis by parametrically varying the duration of the stimuli that are being judged.Changes in internal clock speed predict chronostasis effects proportional to

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Action, arousal, and subjective time

Yarrow

Haggard

Rothwell

2004

Consciousness and Cognition

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“…Unfortunately, interval-timing theories that do specify a relationship between temporal information processing and attention tend to cast attention as cause, rather than as effect (e.g., Allan & Kristofferson, 1974;Boltz, 1991;Brown, 1997;Lejeune, 1998Lejeune, , 2000Macar, 2002;Macar, Grondin, & Casini, 1994;Thomas & Weaver, 1975). Several theories of alerting and RT assume that time information allows the focusing of attention, but these theories tend to neglect the timing aspect of performance and do not specify the form of the relationship beyond a more is better level.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronometric evidence for entrained attention

Martin

Egly

Bish

et al. 2005

Perception & Psychophysics

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The concept of attention is invoked to explain limitations on the amount of information that cognitive systems can process per unit time and differences in performance to identical input under different antecedent conditions. Although there are many approaches to explaining such observations, it seems appropriate to summarize attention as a process modulating the selection, sensitivity, and efficiency of a limited capacity for information processing (cf. Kinchla, 1992;Posner, Snyder, & Davidson, 1980). Such a concept implies a dynamic change, and indeed, many dynamic phenomena related to attention have been described. We investigated the ability of deterministic oscillator and stochastic timing models to account for the temporal allocation of attention, using both qualitative and quantitative approaches to chronometric data.A theoretical account of dynamic attention by Jones (1976) has been the focus of several recent studies (Barnes & Jones, 2000;Large & Jones, 1999;McAuley & Kidd, 1998;Olsen & Chun, 2001). According to dynamic attending theory (DAT;Jones, 1976;Jones & Boltz, 1989;Large & Jones, 1999), attention is guided through time by internal oscillators termed attending rhythms. Attending rhythms are coupled to the environment through perception. This coupling causes them to become correlated with the environment through a process of entrainment when the temporal structure of the environment is autocorrelated. Attention is then focused on an epoch with an intensity that depends on the phase relationship (i.e., the degree of correlation) between the environmental event stream and the attending rhythms. Specifically, the greater the degree of synchronization between the internal oscillator and the external sequence, the narrower and more intense the attentional pulse becomes.Much of the evidence for DAT comes from nearthreshold detection tasks for timing information. Jones and Yee (1997) found that temporal just-noticeable differences were smaller for intervals embedded in rhythmic sequences than for randomly timed sequences, even though the rhythmic sequences were more variable. Jones and Boltz (1989) found that discrimination between the duration of two melodies was influenced by whether or not the last note of one melody violated a temporal pattern established by the preceding notes. Large and Jones (1999) found that time change detection accuracy was better when stimuli occurred at unexpected times and that duration estimation accuracy was better when stimulus events occurred at expected times, where expected times were defined by DAT. Barnes and Jones (2000) found that duration judgments about a standard and a comparison interval were most accurate when the temporal context preceding the standard had a simple harmonic relationship to the standard interval. In all of these studies, temporal context altered sensitivity to temporal information in a direction consistent with a coupled oscillator mechanism.The use of near-threshold detection measures of timing has invited comparisons between DAT and temporal...

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“…In scalar expectancy theory, this intercept effect is linked to attention mechanisms. According to the attention models of the internal clock (Burle & Casini, 2001;Lejeune, 1998;Zakay & Block, 1996), an attentional switch, connecting the pacemaker to the accumulator, closes at the beginning of each stimulus to be timed, thereby letting the pulses entering into the accumulator. Earlier closure of the attentional switch therefore increases the number of pulses included at the beginning of the stimulus duration, but this addition number of pulses staying the same (additive effect) whatever the total duration.…”

Section: The Effect Of Negative High-arousal Emotion On Time Perceptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time, Emotion and the Embodiment of Timing

Droit‐Volet

Fayolle

Lamotte

et al. 2013

Timing Time Percept

122

127

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The past few decades have seen an explosion in studies exploring the effects of emotion on time judgments. The aim of this review is to describe the results of these studies and to look at how they try to explain the time distortions produced by emotion. We begin by examining the findings on time judgments in affective disorders, which allow us to make a clear distinction between the feelings of time distortion that originate from introspection onto subjective personal experience, and the effects of emotion on the basic mechanisms involved in time perception. We then report the results of behavioral studies that have tested the effects of emotions on time perceptions and the temporal processing of different emotional stimuli (e.g. facial expressions, affective pictures or sounds). Finally, we describe our own studies of the embodiment of timing. Overall, the different results on time and emotion suggest that temporal distortions are an indicator of how our brain and body adapt to the dynamic structure of our environment.

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Switching or gating? The attentional challenge in cognitive models of psychological time

Cited by 208 publications

References 88 publications

Action, arousal, and subjective time

Action, arousal, and subjective time

Chronometric evidence for entrained attention

Time, Emotion and the Embodiment of Timing

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